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Trypanosomes

Trypanosomes. Dr. Amira Taman. Trypanosoma. Stercorarian ( American trypanosomes ): Development in the hindgut of insect Transmitted by faeces after bite of the insect Monomorphic trypanosomes Causes Chagas’ disease Example: T. Cruzi Salivarian ( African trypanosomes ):

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Trypanosomes

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  1. Trypanosomes Dr. Amira Taman

  2. Trypanosoma • Stercorarian (American trypanosomes): • Development in the hindgut of insect • Transmitted by faeces after bite of the insect • Monomorphic trypanosomes • Causes Chagas’ disease Example: T. Cruzi • Salivarian (African trypanosomes): • Development in fore and mid gut of insect • Transmitted by inoculation of insect bite • Polymorphic trypanosomes • Causes a disease called sleeping sickness Example: T. b. gambiense and T. b. rhodesiense

  3. Vector: tsetse fly (Glossina) Infective stage: short slender metacyclic trypomastigote injected by tsetse fly Mode of infection : • Bite of infected glossina fly (biological transmission) • Vertical (congenital) • Blood/organ transfusion • Mechanical transmission (epidemics)

  4. Chancre Winter bottom sign

  5. Diagnosis • Sample: blood, bone marrow, CSF, chancre fluid, lymph node aspirate • Microscopic examination : motile trypomastigote • Culture on N.N.N medium: (trypomastigote)

  6. doctor performing a spinal tap to examine the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient suspected to have an infection with African trypanosomiasis (A). The Card Agglutination Test for Trypanosomiasis (CATT). This inexpensive and rapid serodiagnostic test identifies those patients with antibodies against the organisms, indicating infection (B) CSF: Morula cells of mott (pathognomonic) Animal inoculation (mice) Serodiagnosis (antibodies) Molecular : PCR Imaging: CT (brain)

  7. T. Cruzi (american trypanosomiasis) • Acute Chagas’ disease: Chagoma : swelling of the skin at the site of parasite Romana’ssign:Unilateral painless oedema Of palpebral and perioccular tissue Fever, malaise, lymphadenopathy and mild hepatosplenomegaly Myocarditis in severe cases Chronic disease (mega syndrom)

  8. Diagnosis • Blood examination • Blood culture • Xenodiagnosis • Animal inoculation (intraperitoneal in mice) • Serology (Antibody detection) • PCR

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