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Nietzsche

Nietzsche. Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900). Nietzsche. Nietzsche. Nietzsche. Post-modern philosopher Background in classical Greek Philosophy Similar to Aristotle Teleology Virtue Ethics. Virtue Ethics. Christianity adopted Aristotle as a “patron saint” of Philosophy

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Nietzsche

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  1. Nietzsche Friedrich Nietzsche (1844-1900)

  2. Nietzsche

  3. Nietzsche

  4. Nietzsche • Post-modern philosopher • Background in classical Greek Philosophy • Similar to Aristotle • Teleology • Virtue Ethics

  5. Virtue Ethics • Christianity adopted Aristotle as a “patron saint” of Philosophy • Thomas Aquinas refers to him simply as “the Philosopher”

  6. Virtue Ethics • Christian virtues different from pagan ones • Humility vs. pride • Poverty vs. wealth • Religious faith vs. intellectual activity • Unconditional love, forgiving one’s enemies • Tendency to asceticism, celibacy vs. moderation • Courage against fighting temptation, the Devil, vs. in war

  7. Nietzsche • God is dead • Parable of the madman • Need for new values • Classical influence: Aristotle • The Will to Power • The World’s Greatest Immoralist • Turned value, virtue on its head • Conventional morality as “anti-nature”

  8. Nietzsche • Genealogy of Morals • Two Systems of Morality • Masters vs. Slaves • Masters: the rulers, nobility • Slaves: the ruled: peasants, lit. slaves

  9. Nietzsche • Master Morality • Strength, vitality • Ambition • Self-control • Intelligence • Optimism, joy (Joyful Wisdom) • Honesty with oneself and others • Callousness

  10. Nietzsche • Slave Morality • Weakness, meekness, sickliness • Complacency, acceptance • Lack of discipline • Stupidity, gullibility, faith • Pessimism • Self-delusion, denial of reality, religion • Compassion, pity

  11. Nietzsche • Slaves resent the masters, create a conspiracy we call morality to control them. • Masters hold slaves in contempt, but realize their necessity. • Master role model: The Viking • Slave role model: Jesus (“incompetence personified,” hanging on a cross)

  12. Nietzsche • Exemplar of Master Morality: The Overman (Ubermench, Superman) • Examples of masters • Great military and political leaders • Great scientists • Great artists

  13. Nietzsche • The Will to Power: The principle of life itself which seeks to grow, prosper and dominate.

  14. Nietzsche • The Will to Power: The principle of life itself which seeks to grow, dominate and prosper.

  15. Nietzsche: Criticisms • Ad hominem against Christianity • Psychoanalyzes rather than argues against it • Many pioneers of science were Christians who wanted to think God’s thoughts after him • Religious America grew to the dominant superpower in the 20th century, while secular Europe declined • Ignores our collaborative and cooperative nature which make civilization and progress possible

  16. Nietzsche: Criticisms • Reactionary - maybe mysticism and collectivism are bad but Nietzsche goes too far in the other direction - back to Hobbes’ state of nature • Not universalizable: can’t be practiced except by an elite few • Psychopathic - sees sympathy as a vice

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