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Understanding the Five Stages of Word Study for Children

Learn about the stages of word study and what each entails, including characteristics and typical grade levels. Find out where your child should be based on these stages.

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Understanding the Five Stages of Word Study for Children

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  1. What are the five stages of word study? • Emergent • Letter Name • Within Word Pattern • Syllables and Affixes • Derivational Relations

  2. What stage should my child be? APS Benchmarks • Kindergarten – Emergent/Letter Name • 1stGrade – Letter Name/Within Word Pattern • 2nd Grade – Within Word Pattern • 3rd Grade – Within Word Pattern/Syllables and Affixes • 4th Grade – Syllables and Affixes • 5th Grade – Syllables and Affixes

  3. Emergent

  4. Characteristics Pretend reading and writing No concept of word in reading Developing alphabet knowledge No sound-symbol correspondence Feature Focus Alphabet Beginning sounds Rhyme Emergent Typical Grades K-1

  5. Letter Name

  6. Characteristics Read at a slow, word-by-word pace Finger point and read aloud Write short, simple pieces Begin to use high frequency words Feature Focus Beginning/ending consonants Blends (sp, st) Digraphs (sh, ch, th) Short vowels Nasals (-mp, -nt) Letter Name Typical Grades K-2

  7. Within Word Pattern

  8. Characteristics Read silently Read simple chapter books Write paragraphs with conventional capitals and punctuation Feature Focus Long vowels (silent e) Other long vowels R-controlled vowels (part, chore) Abstract vowels (ground, caught) Complex consonants (scr, thr, qu, tch/ch) Within Word Pattern Typical Grades 2-4

  9. Syllables and Affixes

  10. Characteristics Read chapter books fluently and expressively Use varied comprehension strategies Read and write for a variety of purposes Use conventional grammar, usage and mechanics Feature Focus Inflected endings (ed, ing, s) Other doubling (juggle, winner) Patterns in stressed syllables Unstressed syllables (troub-le, doct-or) Simple prefixes and suffixes Syllables and Affixes Typical Grades 3-6

  11. Derivational Relations

  12. Characteristics Read and write widely across genres Monitor own comprehension and use varied strategies Feature Focus Impact of meaning on spelling More difficult prefixes and suffixes Greek and Latin word elements Derivational Relations Typical Grades 5+

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