PENING

2. PENING low the Shofar 2 2 2 2

3. PENING Why do we blow the Shofar? Exodus 19:16 “On the morning of the third day there was thunder and lightning, with a thick cloud over the mountain, and there was the sounding of a very loud SHOFAR blast. Everyone in the camp trembled.” Because this is the way G-D begins sacred assemblies 3 3 3 3

4. abbath Lighting Baruch Attaw Adoni Elohaynu Melech Ha Olam Asher kidshanu bimitzvotav venatanu lechad likner shell Shabbat 4 4 4 4 4

5. HEMA ISRAELHear oh Israel Shema Israel Adoni Elohaynu (Hear oh Israel the L-RD our G-D) Adoni Echad (The L-RD is one) 5 5 5 5 5

6. hy do we recite/sing the SHEMA? Because Messiah said it was the greatest Commandment Mark 12:28-29 28 And one of the scribes came, and having heard them reasoning together, and perceiving that He had answered them well, asked Him, “Which is the greatest commandment of all?” 29 And Jesus answered him, “The first of all the commandments is, Hear, O Israel; The Lord our God is one Lord:” 6 6 6 6 6

7. e-nay Ma TovBehold how good - Psalm 133:1Am He-Nay Maw tove Behold how good Oo-maw nye—eem And how pleasant it is Shevet aw-heem For brothers to dwell Gum Yaw Hawd In unity 7 7 7

8. menCL 3A A-men ….A-men….A-men, A-men, A-men Baw-rouk Ha-Shem, Baw-rouk Ha-Shem, Blessed be the Name, blessed be the Name Baw-rouk Ha-Shem Me-she-ach Blessed be the Name of Messiah 8 8 8

9. -Seh ShalomCL3 Play Em Em O-seh Shalom Beem rue-mawv Am D7 G Em Who yah-seh Shalom aw-lay-nu Am D7 G V'al kol Yees-raw-ale Em Am Em Bf7 Em B'-eem rue Eem rue Ah- main  -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Em Am D7 G Ya-a-seh sha-lom Ya-a-seh sha-lom G Bf7 Em Shalom aw-lay-new V’al kol Yees-raw-ale Sing twice 2X 9 9 9

10. ring our gifts to the altar We Bring Our Sacrifice With Praise We Bring Our Sacrifice With Praise Unto the House of the LORD (2 X) And we offer unto Him Our sacrifices with thanksgiving And we offer unto Him Our sacrifices with joy 10

11. Parsha • Torah… Num. 19:1 – 22:1 • Haftarah… Judges 11:1 - 33 • Brit Hadasha… John 11 – 12 • We read… • Num. 19 whole chapter • Judges 11:1 - 33 • John 11 1-16

12. eview In this class we’re looking at the Jerusalem Talmud We’ll do a short review of the last class then we’ll finish class nine. Next week will be our last class on Talmud 101.

13. eview Some things we looked at concerning the Jerusalem Talmud last week were… What was the date of it? We learned that it was older then the Babylonian Talmud.

14. eview We also learned that it was originally written in Hebrew, not Aramaic or Greek. That’s important because we find that ancient Jewish documents concerning G-d in the second temple period were all written in…

15. eview …..Hebrew • That helps us understand that the New Testament was written in Hebrew. • And that in turn helps us understand the words of Yeshua and the other New Testament books.

16. eview We also learned that the word Aramaic was never even used in the New Testament. The translators used Εβραΐδι Hebraidi and ῾Εβραϊστὶ Hebraisti when they translated it as Aramaic. Both words mean HEBREW!

17. eview We also learned about the Bar Kokhba war and how that caused the separation of Messianic Jews from other Jews in the First Century. It is what caused the “First Great Schism”!

18. eview The “First Great Schism” wasn’t the separation of the Catholics from the Greek Orthodox (as they teach in Bible School) it was the separation of Messianics from their Jewish brothers and sisters!

19. eview Bar Kochba along with Rabbi Akiva are responsible for this. History would’ve played out much differently had this schism not taken place. Today Jewish Believers in Yeshua would’ve been worshipping G-d side by side with the rest of Jewry in Synagogues and not in Church.

20. eview And the Jews never would’ve felt they needed to assimilate into what became a paganized Christianity. Some would argue that this was all part of G-d’s plan. I don’t think so because G-d never approves of Paganism.

21. eview We also learned last week that this fatal war led by Bar Kochba caused the Messianic Jews to flee to Pella. We know this via Eusebius…

22. eview "The members of the Jerusalem church by means of an oracle, given by revelation to acceptable persons there, were ordered to leave the city before the war began and settle in a town in Perea called Pella." Eusebius: Book III, 5:4 We read of this yet again by Epiphanius…

23. eview “After all those who believed in Christ had generally come to live in Perea, in a city called Pella of the Decapolis of which it is written in the Gospel and which is situated in the neighborhood of the region of Batanea and Basanitis, Ebion's preaching originated here after they had moved to this place and had lived there." (Panarion 30:2)

24. eview Epihanius goes on to say.. "Now this sect of Nazarenes exists in Beroea in Coele-Syria, and in Decapolis in the district of Pella, and in Kochaba of Basanitis-- called Kochoraba in Hebrew. For thence it originated after the migration from Jerusalem of all the disciples who resided at Pella, Christ having instructed them to leave Jerusalem and retire from it on account of the impending siege. It was owing to this counsel that they went away, as I have said, to reside for a while at Pella" (Haer 29:7).

25. eview Catholics say: The First Church went from Jerusalem to Rome The truth is The First Church went from Jerusalem to Pella (Syria/Jordan) | | | | | | | | ? To today's Pope and the Roman Catholic Church So lets look at this…

26. eview What was left in Jerusalem after the First Church left was only a few Gentile leaders who soon led their people into paganism.

27. eview There’s a reason why G-d left His oracles in the hands of the Jewish people. They don’t easily stray into false religion. Jews rarely “convert”

28. eview We found out last class that the Jews who were not Born Again fled to Babylonia and northern Israel.

29. eview Because so many Jews fled to Babylonia, that eventually became the center of learning for the Orthodox Jewish faith and thus the Babylonian Talmud won out over the Jerusalem Talmud.

30. eview But that is changing now! Rabbis and Jews all over the world are taking another look at the Jerusalem Talmud because they think the Messianic age is approaching… and they’re right! Only they think it’s the First Coming

31. eview The Jews are back in their land and they can feel that we’re in the birth pangs of the rebuilding of the Temple and the coming of the Messiah! Time to start looking at the writings that have to do with the Holy Temple of G-d… the Jerusalem Talmud!

32. Differences One of the major differences between the Jerusalem Talmud and the Babylonian Talmud is that the Babylonian Talmud is more complete.

33. Differences The Babylonian Talmud has more Gamara (Mishnaic Commentary)! You remember that the Talmud is made of 2 major parts. The Mishna and the Gamara.

34. Differences • The Gamara is the commentary on the Mishna. The Mishna is a commentary on the Torah • Well, the Gamara on the Mishna in the Jerusalem Talmud is largely missing.

35. Differences There is only commentary for the first four orders of the Mishna; The rest has been lost. To give you an idea of how much that is…

36. Differences The Babylonian Talmud has 2,700 pages while the Jerusalem Talmud only has 1,600 pages So there’s a difference of over 1,000 pages. That’s a lot.

37. Differences • Because of this whenever the JT (Jerusalem Talmud) contradicts the BT (Babylonian Talmud), the law follows the BT.

38. Differences • Only on matters where BT is silent or unclear does the authority of the JT prevail. • But that’s not the only reason it is less accepted

39. Differences • Many scholars believe that the reason for the ultimate acceptance of the BT rather than the JT had a lot to do with the power struggles between the two Jewish communities.

40. Differences • The Babylonian Jews wanted power over world Jewry and the Israeli Jews felt they deserved the ultimate authority over the Jewish world.

41. Differences • During the time the Jerusalem Talmud was being compiled, it was actually the most authoritative.

42. Differences • Rabbis in training from Babylonia during this time would travel to Israel to study then return home.

43. Differences • So it wasn’t just because there was more Gamara in the Babylonian Talmud. It was also a power struggle.

44. Differences • There are other differences as well. • The Jerusalem Talmud is more difficult to read.

45. Differences • If you’ve read any of the Babylonian Talmud that is posted on the site, if you think that’s difficult to read, then you’re going to find the Jerusalem Talmud next to impossible. • It’s very terse. It doesn’t flow as well, it’s more abrupt.

46. Differences • So why is that? • What happened is that as the Babylonian Talmud gained in authority there were more scribes and scholars who knew how to carry on the idioms and the explanations of various portions.

47. Differences • The Jerusalem Talmud was almost forgotten and so there were less educators who could explain what various portions meant.

48. Differences • Because there were less scribes who were studying the Jerusalem Talmud and copying it, we had less copies and so if a portion got lost, it was lost.

49. Differences • Also because there weren't as many scribes copying it, there were less scribes to correct any textual errors.

50. Differences • The Babylonian Talmud had thousands of eyes on it. The Jerusalem Talmud had virtually none at times.