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This lecture explores the early life of Martin Luther, his decision to become a monk, and his trip to Rome. It also delves into Luther's most important idea of justification by faith and his break with the Roman Catholic Church. The lecture further delves into Luther's attempts to deal with the opposition, the Diet of Worms, and his later years including his marriage and involvement in political and religious conflicts.
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Lecture 4Martin Luther • Dr. Glenn Jonas • Campbell University
I. Early Life • Birth 1483 • Family • School • Decision to become a monk (1505) • Trip to Rome • 1508 University of Wittenburg
A. Justification by Faith • Most important idea to come from Luther • “passive justice” • Romans 1: 16-17 • Simul justus et peccator
B. Luther’s Reformation • Became aware of theological contradictions • Indulgences • Tetzel • 95 Theses • against building St. Peter’s with German money • Denies pope’s power over Purgatory • Indulgences endangers buyer’s soul
C: Three Attempts to Deal With Luther • Heidelburg Disputation (1518) • Cardinal Cajetan (1518) • Leipzig Debate (1519)
D. Final Break With the RCC • Excommunication • Three Treatises • An Address to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation • The Babylonian Captivity of the Church • The Freedom of the Christian Man
E. The Diet of Worms (1521) YouTube - Martin Luther at the Diet of Worms • F. Return to Wittenburg (1522)
G. 1525 • Marriage • Peasants’ War
II. The Old Luther (1525-46) • Diet of Speyer—1526 • Second Diet of Speyer—1529 • Marburg Colloquy—1529 • Diet of Augsburg—1530 • Schmalkaldic Wars—1546-55