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What does integration mean? . Civil Rights Movement Brown vs. Board of Education. Sheff vs. O’Neill. Success or Failure?. Background of the Case. Who’s Who? William A O’Neill: Governor of CT (Defendant) Milo Sheff (4 th grader) & 16 other children (Plaintiffs)
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What does integration mean? Civil Rights Movement Brown vs. Board of Education
Sheff vs. O’Neill Success or Failure?
Background of the Case • Who’s Who? • William A O’Neill: Governor of CT (Defendant) • Milo Sheff (4th grader) & 16 other children (Plaintiffs) • 1989-Lawsuit is filed: Sheff et al claim that segregated schools are inferior & violate constitutional rights to an equal education • 1992-Case begins
Plaintiff’s Arguments • Inequity in schools • Poor conditions • Field trips allow students out of the city for the first time • Property taxes fund schools • Property taxes are higher in high income areas • Schools are receiving unequal funding based on socio-economic status
Defendant’s Arguments • Suburban schools are becoming more integrated • Integration plans involved complicated, expensive bussing plans
Ruling • 1995-Justice Hammer rules in favor of the state saying officials are not obligated to correct educational inequities without proof that the government helps foster racial isolation • 1995-Plaintiff’s file appeal
Appeal • 1995-State Supreme Court hears appeal case • 1996-Justice Ellen A Peters overturns Hammers ruling • We will read the text from her decision
What’s being done? • 1997- Legislature passes “An act concerning educational choices and opportunities” to improve the state of suburban schools • See the provisions set in Peters’ decision • 1998 Plaintiffs file motion for a court order to get the state to actively adhere to the ruling • Court ruled it is too soon to order • 2002 Supreme Court Judge Aurigemma holds hearings on the progress of Sheff