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PAL 3/16/12

PAL 3/16/12. You have 1 lbm of water in a cylinder with an ideal piston on top to control the pressure of the system. The cylinder is submerged in a heat bath, whose temperature can be controlled. Initially the temperature of the heat bath is 300 o F.

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PAL 3/16/12

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  1. PAL 3/16/12 You have 1 lbm of water in a cylinder with an ideal piston on top to control the pressure of the system. The cylinder is submerged in a heat bath, whose temperature can be controlled. • Initially the temperature of the heat bath is 300oF. • What pressure should be exerted by the piston in order that the water is saturated (on verge or in process of phase change)? • Once you have adjusted the pressure according to part (a), and allowed the system to equilibrate, you find that half the mass of water is liquid and half is vapor. What is the total volume of water (liquid and vapor) in the cylinder?

  2. Next you would like to increase the temperature of the heat bath to 350oF. • If you did not also adjust the pressure of the system, what would happen to the water? • Would it still be a saturated system? • As you increase the temperature, should you increase or decrease the pressure to maintain the equilibrium between liquid and vapor?

  3. Suppose you gradually increase the temperature to 350oF while carefully adjusting the pressure to maintain always half the mass of water as liquid and half as vapor. • What will be the final pressure the piston exerts on the system (and vice versa)? • What will be the final volume of water within the cylinder?

  4. During the process described in #3, • Does the system gain or lose (or neither) energy due to work? • Does the internal energy of the system increase or decrease or remain the same? • Does the system gain or lose (or neither) energy due to heat? • Explain how energy is conserved in this case.

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