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Spatial Processing II

Spatial Processing II. Banich, Ch. 7: "Where" system (pp. 223-226) Humans (pp. 226-233, not depth or rotation) Constructional (pp. 233-234). Lab Report. Worth: 20% of final grade Due: Friday May 2 is the absolute final deadline .

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Spatial Processing II

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  1. Spatial Processing II Banich, Ch. 7: "Where" system (pp. 223-226) Humans (pp. 226-233, not depth or rotation) Constructional (pp. 233-234)

  2. Lab Report • Worth: 20% of final grade • Due: Friday May 2 is the absolute final deadline. • Start NOW: there will be no extensions except in the most extreme circumstances • Help available: • Your tutor: general questions about format, results, what’s required • Carolina (course TA): ditto. Avail. at office hours • Carolyn: questions on specific aspects of theory, statistics

  3. Lab Report • Read lab manual pp. 19-20. Gives advice about how to write the report and how it will be evaluated. • Most important = General Discussion • Next most important = Introduction • Important because it affects everything = Results (make sure you draw correct conclusions from stats) • Least important = "routine" sections, e.g. Method, Abstract, Refs (BUT basic knowledge of format required) General marking scheme

  4. Lab Report How many papers should I read? • NOT a numbers game, we won't be counting refs! • We strongly recommend you read the key papers. Use the secondary refs as a list to select from. • Generally, the more you read, the better placed you will be to explain your results. • Good reports generally cite more refs than weaker reports. BUT, don't spend so much time reading that you don't have time for the discussion!

  5. Attention/Spatial Lectures 1. Spatial Processing (JL) • Introduction • Examples of animal and fMRI studies 2. Attention (JL) • Introduction • Examples of animal and fMRI studies • 3. Spatial Processing (CW) THIS LECTURE • Re-cap • Some illustrations from patient data 4. Attention (CW) TOMORROW • Re-cap • Some illustrations from patient data

  6. The "Where" Stream V3 V5 Dorsal regions rods Magnocellular pathway cones Parvocellular pathway V4 Ventral regions Thalamus Retina Primary Visual Cortex Extrastriate Cortex Temporal/parietal Lobes

  7. The "Where" Stream • Deciding which object is nearer • Locating objects in 2D • Reaching for objects • Comparing the relative position of two objects • Analysing movement and orientation • Computing “spatial maps”

  8. The "Where" Stream Previous lecture (Jan): • Examples of animal and fMRI studies This lecture: • Some illustrations from patient data

  9. The "Where" Stream Also hierarchically organised: Simple analysis of position and movement: • Extrastriate cortex (V3, V5/MT) Higher analysis of spatial relationships: • Parietal lobes, esp. R. Parietal lobe

  10. Simple Analysis of Location/Movement • Analysing position relative to viewer -> Egocentric localisation • Perceiving movement • Extrastriate Cortex Some examples of skills: • Contralaterally organised

  11. I. Egocentric localisation • Coordinating retinal location with eye, head position • May involve Extrastriate area V3 • Impairment = “Visual disorientation” Private M: Asked which of two objects was nearer to him, he commented: "When I look at one it seems to go further away. When I try to see which is the nearer they seem to change in position every now and then; that one at which I look directly seems to move away” "Sometimes I can see it quite well, but sometimes I can not see what I want to look at".

  12. II. Perceiving Movement • Integrating changes in visual information over time to obtain sense of “movement” • Probably involves Extrastriate V5 For MP, perception was akin to viewing the world in snapshots. Rather than seeing things move continuously in space, moving objects would appear in one position and then another, When pouring a cup of tea, MP would see the liquid frozen in air, like a glacier. She would fail to notice the tea rising in her cup and would be surprised when the cup overflowed. The loss of motion perception also made MP hesitant about crossing the street. As she noted, "When I'm looking at the car first, it seems far away. But then when I want to cross the road, suddenly the car is very near".

  13. The "Where" Stream Also hierarchically organised: Simple analysis of position and movement: • Extrastriate cortex (V3, V5/MT) Higher analysis of spatial relationships: • Parietal lobes, esp. R. Parietal lobe

  14. Higher Spatial Analysis • Analysis position of objects relative to one another = Allocentric spatial analysis • Not contralaterally organised • Shows strong hemispheric asymmetry • Right parietal lobe (upper regions)

  15. Higher Spatial Analysis Includes: • Judging line orientations • Copying complex designs • Constructing complex designs • Mental rotation

  16. Higher Spatial Analysis • Judging line orientations • Also shows LVF/RH advantage in normals

  17. Higher Spatial Analysis • Copying or drawing complex spatial designs Rey Figure:

  18. Higher Spatial Analysis Constructing complex designs using blocks or matchsticks

  19. Higher Spatial Analysis IV. Mental rotation

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