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Medical Terminology: A Programmed Approach Paula Bostwick and Heidi Weber

Medical Terminology: A Programmed Approach Paula Bostwick and Heidi Weber. Chapter 16: The Urinary System. Learning Outcomes. Describe the parts of the urinary system and discuss the function of each part.

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Medical Terminology: A Programmed Approach Paula Bostwick and Heidi Weber

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  1. Medical Terminology:A Programmed Approach Paula Bostwick and Heidi Weber Chapter 16: The Urinary System

  2. Learning Outcomes • Describe the parts of the urinary system and discuss the function of each part. • Identify the parts of the urinary system, the function of each part, and word building. • Identify and understand the common diagnoses, laboratory tests, and clinical procedures used in testing and treating disorders of the urinary system. • Define the major pathological conditions of the urinary system. • Define the surgical terms related to the urinary system. • Recognize common pharmacological agents used in treating disorders of the urinary system.

  3. Structure / Function • Urinary System • Renal System /Excretory System • Maintains water balance • Removes waste products • Urology = • Ur(o) urinary + ology study of

  4. Function / Structure • Composed of Kidneys, Ureters, Urinary bladder, and Urethra • Two kidneys (nephr(o)- posterior mid trunk • Filter toxins/ substances / creates urine • Two ureters (ureter(o)-carries urine • Urinary bladder (cysto)- stores urine • Urethra (urethro(o) – removes urine

  5. Urinary System

  6. Major Word Parts • cali(o), calic(o) calix • cyst(o) bladder • glomerul(o) glomerulus • meat(o) meatus • nephr(o) kidney • pyel(o) renal pelvis • ren(o) kidney • trigon(o) trigone

  7. Major Word Parts • ur(o), urin(o) urine • ureter(o) ureter • urethr(o) urethra • -uria of urine • vesic(o) bladder • cali(o), calic(o) calix • cyst(o) glomerulus • meat(o) meatus • nephr(o) kidney

  8. Parts: The Kidneys • Bean shaped organ • Mid to lower back • Filtering the blood • Regulate fluids • Kidney = Nephr(o) • Test /Procedure = Ren(o)

  9. Kidneys

  10. Blood Pressure/Kidneys • Homeostasis (equilibrium) • Balance salts, sugars, and water • Two control mechanisms • Automatic dilating /constricting of the arterioles • Release of renin • Affects on blood pressure

  11. Water Balance

  12. Ureters, Bladder, Urethra • Ureters -ureter(o) - 22 cm long tubes extend from kidney to bladder • Urinary bladder – cyst(o) – sac like structure sits in the pelvis, muscular for forcing urine out • Urethra – urethr(o) - extends from bladder to the meatus (controls release)

  13. Prostate Gland • Urinary system is the same for both sexes with the exception of the prostate gland • Only in males, connecting urethra and ejaculatory duct • Prostate = prostat(o)

  14. Ureters, Bladder, Urethra

  15. Cystitis vs Pyelonephritis • Cystitis • superficial infection • dysuria, urgency, frequency • Intracellular, biofilm like pods • Pyelonephritis • invasion of kidney, +/-bloodstream • Fever, chill, flank pain, tenderness, increase WBC

  16. Diagnostic, Procedural, Lab Test • Urinalysis used to diagnose many urinary disorders, conditions, symptoms, and diseases • Look at urine sample by microscope or machine • Urine sterile in body sample should remain sterile • “Clean catch” not sterile, but used

  17. Urinalysis Report

  18. Foley Catheter

  19. Condom Catheter

  20. Imaging Tests • KUB = Kidney/Ureters/Bladder – diagnostic radiologic exam • Shows abdominal organs • Ultrasound U/S = Sounds waves used to visualize the organs • Patients are asked to drink lots of water prior to U/S, sound travels better through fluid

  21. Peritoneal Dialysis

  22. Programmed Review • cystoscopy • cystoscope • kidney, ureter, bladder (KUB) • retrograde pyelogram (RP) • voiding (urinating) cystourethrogram (VCU, VCUG)

  23. Wave Lithotripsy

  24. Pathological Terms • Used to assign a disease to symptoms and findings • Many abbreviations used in place of longer medical terms • UTI = Urinary Tract Infection

  25. Surgical Terms • Urologists perform surgical procedures to correct, remove, or reconstruct organs and tissue to improve function, and quality of life

  26. Resected Kidney

  27. Pharmacological Terms • antispasmodic • diuretic • antihypertensive (ACE inhibitor) • antibiotics • anticholinergics

  28. Chapter Review • Describe the parts of the urinary system and discuss the function of each part. • Identify the parts of the urinary system, the function of each part, and word building. • Identify and understand the common diagnoses, laboratory tests, and clinical procedures used in testing and treating disorders of the urinary system. • Define the major pathological conditions of the urinary system. • Define the surgical terms related to the urinary system. • Recognize common pharmacological agents used in treating disorders of the urinary system.

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