Cystic Fibrosis

1. Cystic Fibrosis Casey Kriak Joe Scalora SeyiAkinsola January 27, 2010 Period 9-10

2. Summary of Cystic Fibrosis • A genetic disorder that affects your respiratory and digestive system • Cystic fibrosis is a autosomal recessive trait; meaning it requires to lower case letters • You can be a carrier without having the disease; this means that your kids can have it • Symptoms: coughing or wheezing, respiratory sickness, weight-loss, greasy stool, and salty tasting skin • Cystic fibrosis causes 2 to 5 times more salt in your sweat • There is no known treatment, but there is medicine that clears up the mucus from the lungs to prevent lung infection; which can extend the life of a patient

3. What Chromosome is it on? • Cystic Fibrosis is located on the defected gene on chromosome 7. • CFTR (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane conductance Regulator

5. What are Alleles? • Alleles are traits that each gene carry represented with letters (eye, hair color etc.) • Half of the alleles come from your mother and half of the alleles come from your father • Each parent gives 2 alleles. The alleles are combined like a multiplication table and the new-born baby’s odds are made. • Alleles could either be dominant or recessive. Brown eyes and right handed are examples of dominant and green eyes and left handed are examples of recessive. • The traits are resembled in letters. F-dominant f-recessive. Two of the possible are combined in a punnet square. Ex. FF Ff, or ff. Any time a dominant allele is matched with a recessive allele the dominant wins • Sex linkage uses X and Y’s. This determines what gender your child will be. A female is a homozygous link(XX) and a male is a heterozygous link (XY)

6. What is a Punnett Square? • A Punnett square is a diagram that predicts to offspring of two parents using alleles. HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT HETEROZYGOUS DOMINANT HOMOZYGOUS RECESSIVE

7. PROBABILITY • RATIOs: The Homozygous Dominant is (AA), the heterozygous Dominant is (Aa), the Homozygous Recessive is (aa). - ¼ is (AA): ½ is (Aa): ¼ is (aa) • PERCENTAGES: The Homozygous Dominant is (AA), the heterozygous Dominant is (Aa), the Homozygous Recessive is (aa). - 25% is (AA), 50% is (Aa), 25% is (aa)

8. Phenotype/ Genotype • What these letters Mean? BB? Bb? Bb? • Let’s say A was brown eyes and a was blue eyes and A is the dominant trait while a is recessive. (dominant trait shown on the organism.) • Phenotype is what is shown on the organism. - AA=brown eyes - Aa=brown eyes (with a blue eyes carrier) - aa=blue eyes • Genotype is what is in the genes of the organism - AA= HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT - Aa= HETEROZYGOUS DOMINANT - aa= HOMOZYGOUS RECESSIVE Cystic Fibrosis is aa because it is a recessive trait.

9. Possibilities • Phenotype: - Ratios: ¾ chances the child would have brown eyes, ¼ chances the child would have blue eyes. - percentages: 75% out of 100% the child would have brown eyes, 25% out of 100% the child would have blue eyes. • Genotype: • Ratios: ¼ is HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT (AA) , ½ is HETEROZYGOUS DOMINANT( Aa), and ¼ is HOMOZYGOUS RECESSIVE (aa) • Percentages: 25% is HOMOZYGOUS DOMINANT(AA) , 50% is HETEROZYGOUS DOMINANT (Aa), 25% is HOMOZYGOUS RECESSIVE (aa)

11. Autosomal Recessive Pedigree 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 3 -Male No Fill- Carrier of Cystic Fibrosis Filled- Has cystic Fibrosis -Female

12. Now you try!