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Week 1: Basic Internet Concepts

Week 1: Basic Internet Concepts. By: Kim Peterman 08/19/2012. History of the Internet. 1969: Arpanet- Computers at Stanford and UCLA connected for the first time. 1971:Project Gutenberg-Global effort to make books and documents available electronically.

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Week 1: Basic Internet Concepts

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  1. Week 1: Basic Internet Concepts By: Kim Peterman 08/19/2012

  2. History of the Internet 1969: Arpanet- Computers at Stanford and UCLA connected for the first time. 1971:Project Gutenberg-Global effort to make books and documents available electronically. 1974: The beginning of TCP/IP- A proposal was published to link Arpa-like networks together into a so-called "inter-network". 1975: The email client- the addition of "Reply" and "Forward" functionality. 1982: The first emoticon- Scott Fahlman in 1982 proposed using :-) after a joke, rather than the original -) 1984: Domain Name System (DNS)- The domain name system was important in that it made addresses on the Internet more human-friendly compared to its numerical IP address counterparts. 1989: AOL is launched- AOL made the Internet popular amongst the average internet users. 1990: World Wide Web protocols finished- The code for the WWW was written by Tim Berners-Lee. 1991: First web page created- The first web page was created and, much like the first email explained what email was, its purpose was to explain what the World Wide Web was. 1991: The first webcam-Its sole purpose was to monitor a particular coffee maker so that lab users could avoid wasted trips to an empty coffee pot. 1993: Both the White House and the United Nations came online with the .gov and .org domain names. 1995: Internet Commercialization- 1995 is considered the first year the web became commercialized. 1998: Google!- Went live in 1998, revolutionizing the way in which people find information online. 2004: "The" Facebook open to college students

  3. URLs documents and other resources on the World Wide Web. The first part of the URL is called a protocol identifier and it indicates what protocol to use, and the second part is called a resource name and it specifies the IP address or the domain name where the resource is located. The protocol identifier and the resource name are separated by a colon and two forward slashes. For example, the two URLs below point to two different files at the domain pcwebopedia.com. The first specifies an executable file that should be fetched using the FTP protocol; the second specifies a Web page that should be fetched using the HTTP protocol: ftp://www.pcwebopedia.com/stuff.exehttp://www.pcwebopedia.com/index.html A URL is one type of Uniform Resource Identifier (URI); the generic term for all types of names and addresses that refer to objects on the World Wide Web. The term "Web address" is a synonym for a URL that uses the HTTP / HTTPS protocol. The Uniform Resource Locator (URL) was developed by Tim Berners-Lee in 1994 and the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) URI working group. The URL format is specified in RFC 1738 Uniform Resource Locators (URL).

  4. Navigation Techniques Navigation on a web site is achieved by a collection of links (text/images/flash/java applets) that form the Web Site Navigation Menu or the Web Site Navigation Bar. This navigation menu or bar is usually placed vertically on the left or horizontally near the top of the web page

  5. Bookmarks, Favorites, Online organizers If you want to save a site that you enjoy to come back to later, and you use Microsoft Internet Explorer, then you need to learn how to use your Internet Explorer Favorites. Internet Explorer Favorites, also known as bookmarks, are simply a way of saving a site that you like so you can find it later without going on the Web to search for it. It's also a great system for organizing your search efforts in manageable folders.

  6. Search Engines A web search engine is designed to search for information on the World Wide Web. The search results are generally presented in a line of results often referred to as search engine results pages (SERPs). The information may be a specialist in web pages, images, information and other types of files. Some search engines also mine data available in databases or open directories. Unlike web directories, which are maintained only by human editors, search engines also maintain real-time information by running an algorithm on a web crawler.

  7. Evaluation of Websites Expands on criteria used, provides explanation, and gives the user a better idea as to how to interpret the sheet, particularly when two items sound similar, but have a subtle but critical difference.

  8. Troubleshooting To isolate the source of a problem and fix it, typically through a process of elimination whereby possible sources of the problem are investigated and eliminated beginning with the most obvious or easiest problem to fix. the term troubleshoot is usually used when the problem is suspected to be hardware-related. If the problem is known to be in software, the term debug is more commonly used.

  9. Problems and Pitfalls Unexpected difficulty or danger. Examples: Cannot connect to internet, connects slowly, viruses, identity theft especially in public domains such as hotels, coffee shops, etc.

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