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The Aryans in India

The Aryans in India. Miss Tomkowski 7 th Grade World History . Review. What is a monsoon ? What mountain range is north of India (where the Saraswati River started)? What were two of the earliest cities in India?. Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro. What happened to the Harappans ?.

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The Aryans in India

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  1. The Aryans in India Miss Tomkowski 7th Grade World History

  2. Review • What is a monsoon? • What mountain range is north of India (where the Saraswati River started)? • What were two of the earliest cities in India?

  3. Harappa and Mohenjo-Daro

  4. What happened to the Harappans? • The Harappan civilization collapsed around 1500 B.C. • Historians think that floods and earthquakes damaged the cities • The earthquakes made the Indus River shift and change its course. • This killed many people and forced others to leave.

  5. New Neighbors • After the Harappans left, years later, a new group of people moved into the area. • They were called the Aryans, and they developed a new civilization…

  6. The Aryans • From Central Asia • Raised and herded animals • Not really a group based on race or ethnicity. • Could have been part of a larger group called the Indo-Europeans • All spoke similar languages • Some migrated south to India,Iran, and Europe

  7. Prized Possessions • Cattle were the prized possession of the Aryans. • They provided milk, butter, and meat • So important they were considered money! • Wealth was measured by the number of cattle a person had!

  8. Guess what they were good at… • They Aryans were very good warriors (bet you would have never guessed…) • Expert horseback riders and hunters • Metal-tipped spears and wooden chariots • Sometimes invaded nearby villages for food

  9. On the move… • Around 2000 B.C., the Aryans began leaving their homeland in Central Asia. • They crossed through mountain passes in the Himalayan Mountains • Entered the Indus River valley around 1500 B.C. • Around 1000 B.C., they began to expand to other areas of India

  10. Bringing Change • Before the Aryans came to India they were nomads. • Once they got to India, they settled down and became farmers. • They continued to raise cattle, but later believed them to be sacred and forbid them to be used for food!

  11. Technology • Improved farming by inventing the iron plow. • Used to clear jungle areas and build canals • Because India has many different climates, a lot of different crops could be grown. • North- wheat, barley, millet • South- spices (pepper, ginger, cinnamon)

  12. Sanskrit • When the Aryans were nomads, they had no written language. • When they got to India, developed a written language called Sanskrit. • Aryan written language • The Aryans wrote down songs, poems, and prayers for many centuries.

  13. Tribes • The Aryans lived in tribes, or small groups. • Each tribe was led by a raja. • Prince of an Aryan tribe • Rajas owned their own small kingdoms and many times fought against one another. • Fought over cattle, treasure, and women • These kingdoms were around from 1000 B.C. to about 400 B.C.

  14. So to review… • What animal is sacred in India? • What is Sanskrit? • What caused the collapse of the Harrapan Civilization?

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