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Sustainable IT at Stanford

Sustainable IT at Stanford. Stanford Tech Briefing Joyce Dickerson Sustainability & Energy Management February 27, 2009. Institutional Commitment to Sustainability.

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Sustainable IT at Stanford

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  1. Sustainable IT at Stanford Stanford Tech Briefing Joyce Dickerson Sustainability & Energy Management February 27, 2009

  2. Institutional Commitment to Sustainability is a University-wide effort to reduce Stanford’s environmental impact, preserve resources, and develop innovative solutions for pressing environmental problems. Stanford aims to be a leader in sustainability by modeling sustainability practices on campus and pursing research that helps communities around the world.

  3. Institutional Commitment to Sustainability Seeking Solutions The Initiative on Human Health $500 MThe Initiative on the Environment and Sustainability $250 M The International Initiative $250 M Multidisciplinary Research Across the University $400 M Educating Leaders Improving K-12 Education $125 M Engaging the Arts and Creativity $250 M Reinventing Graduate Education $500 M Extending the Renaissance in Undergraduate Education $300 M Sustaining a Foundation of Excellence Core Support $1,325 M Annual Giving Across the University $400 M TOTAL: $4,300 M

  4. Institutional Commitment to Sustainability Initiative on the Environment and Sustainability Research and Teaching Stanford Community Woods Institute for the Environment Sustainability and Energy Management (SEM) IT Services Sustainability Working Group Utilities Sustainability Program Management Parking and Transportation Sustainable IT 10 sub-teams

  5. Sustainable IT at Stanford Bridge between Facilities and IT Infrastructure • Holistic view of computing • Computers and buildings Three Tracks: • Personal Computers / Office Equipment • Datacenters / Server Rooms • Enabling Energy Savings with IT

  6. Sustainable IT at Stanford Information technology infrastructure at Stanford: • 27,000 faculty, staff, and students • 7 schools and 65+ departments • 15% Campus energy usage from IT equipment • approximately 40,000 ‘personal’ computers • approximately 6000 servers

  7. Goal: Enabling Energy Savings & Carbon Reduction The goal is to increase productive output, while keeping energy usage flat. − DOE/SVLG Energy Summit Industry: IT energy usage expected to rise 15% annually Goal: Keep energy usage flat, while meeting increasing demand on IT Infrastructure

  8. Goal: Enabling Cost Savings Sustainable Computing = EFFICIENT COMPUTING Efficient computer operations Efficient power and cooling 50% of energy to run the server kWh and Ton-Hr Savings = Cost Savings to the University

  9. Initiatives and Results • Personal Computers / Office Equipment • Data Centers / Server Rooms • Enabling Energy Savings with IT

  10. Initiatives and Results Personal Computers / Office Equipment Data Centers / Server Rooms Enabling Energy Savings with IT 10

  11. 1. PCs / Office Equipment – Projects Big Fix PC Power Management Monitors off after 15 minutes Big Fix installed on 23,000 computers 34% enabled Power Management Macintosh coming soon Monthly department status report SWG taken on task to expand adoption ‘Vampire’ Power Reduction Smart Strips Peripherals waste Up to 75% lifetime energy use Pilot Programs by Student Housing Flat panels and laptops Sustainable Backups Move away from nighttime Computers to sleep or off at night PERSONAL COMPUTING

  12. 1. PCs / Office Equipment – Projects Local Measurement “Kill A Watt” meters Sustainable Purchasing Guidelines (in process) Coordinated effort: Purchasing & IT Services EPEAT and Energy Star 5.0 University Guidelines, Ordering, Reporting Climate Savers Computing Initiative Smart Strips and Kill A Watt meters available via Corporate Express

  13. 1. PCs / Office Equipment – Projects End of Life: EH&S, PSSI, Property Management Office Reuse: reuse.stanford.edu Resell/Donate: Department Property Administrator (DPA) Mark as ‘sale’ disposal method Recycle: ewaste bins in every building 3rd party handles recycling 13

  14. Initiatives and Results Personal Computers / Office Equipment Data Centers / Server Rooms Enabling Energy Savings with IT 14

  15. 2. Data Centers/Server Rooms – Metrics _________ _________ _____ ____ ____ ____________ ___ _____ _____________ _________ _ ____ _______ ____ ________ ____ _______ _________ ________ ____ ________ ____ ________ ____ ____ ____ ______ ______ ____ ________ ___ _______ _________ ____ ______ ____ _________ ____ ______ _____ ___ ______ _______ ___ Datacenter Efficiency Metric Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) Data Center Infrastructure Efficiency (DCiE = 1/PUE) PUE = Total Facility Power = IT Equipment Power + Facility Operations IT Equipment Power IT Equipment Power IT Equipment Power = Total IT load Servers, Storage, Telco Equipment, etc Facility Operations = Power + Cooling Power = Switchgear, UPS, Racks, Battery Backup, etc. Cooling = Chillers, CRACS, etc 2.0+ = Typical 1.5 = Exceptional 1.2 = Google & Others 1.0 = Theoretical Target

  16. 2. Data Centers/Server Rooms – IT Equipment Projects Most effective tactic is to remove servers Consolidate: Combine underutilized servers Most running under 20% Virtualize: 5 to 30:1 ratios Single server partitioned and configured to be used as multiple virtual servers $300-600/year energy savings/server removed Replace: Refresh with sustainable hardware Centralized Data Storage: Eliminates redundant data storage Increases efficiency IT Services now offers Low Cost Central Storage & Backup Energy usage increasing due to proliferation of low-end servers (McGee 2007)

  17. 2. Data Centers/Server Rooms – Facility Projects Forsythe Data Center Project Phase 1: PUE Calculated at 1.83 Phase 2: Install VFDs, temp sensors, monitor, heat maps Adjust airflow, increase temperature, target 75o cold aisle (Most vendors approved at 90o) Phase 3: Isolated hot/cold aisle Estimate 20+% energy savings

  18. 2. Data Centers/Server Rooms – Facility Projects Remote Server Rooms Calculate PUE by room AC type Chilled racks, in-row cooling, fan coil, house system, economizer Calculate total lifecycle cost for room type Joint Project Facilities Schools Outside Engineering Firm Recommendations for efficiency & cost savings 18

  19. 2. Data Centers/Server Rooms – Facility Operations Scientific Research Computing Facility (SRCF) Proposed facility for High density research computing Reduces energy usage by 60% Innovative Design – Cooled by Outside Air Conceptual Data Center design that reduces research computing energy use by 80%

  20. Initiatives and Results Personal Computers / Office Equipment Data Centers / Server Rooms Enabling Energy Savings with IT 20

  21. 3. Enabling Energy Savings with IT Work Anywhere Initiative Broad University program to revisit how and where employees work Save carbon output from commuting and traveling to meetings Only 44% live locally – work at home, drop-in work centers, touch-down spaces Work Anywhere Toolkit Preferred technologies make it possible Mobility: remote access, storage, security, voice, backup, laptops/PDAs Collaboration: web-based collaboration tools, centralized storage Meetings: Web-based meetings, video conferencing, webcams Enable Process Automation and eCommerce Support and Promote University Research

  22. The Big Picture: IT and CO2 Emissions Emissions growth from IT is the fastest of any sector, especially in data-intensive disciplines (US Department of Energy) IT energy consumption expected to double by 2021 (McKinsey & Co.) IT Industry’s CO2 footprint is equivalent to that of the Aviation Industry (globalactionplan.org) The Internet economy could help reduce growth in greenhouse gases by 67% over next several years (American Consumer Institute) As with many global issues, higher education has a special role to play in understanding what is occurring, educating the community about these changes, and adopting practices consistent with responsible institutional behavior (ECAR report, 2008)

  23. Stanford Energy and Climate Plan in 2009 • Identified a range of practical and cost effective options for reducing Stanford’s carbon emissions. Serving as a blueprint for implementation, this plan will: • Demonstrate options for sustainable natural resource use. • Guide development of critical campus infrastructure. • Protect Stanford from volatility in cost of resources. innovation • Inventory Options

  24. Campus Sustainability 2009 • Campus Sustainability Plan: • Vision • Metrics and indicators • Goals • Projects • Areas: • Energy and Climate • Water • Transportation • Procurement • Housing and Dining • Waste Minimization • Information Technology (IT) • Student Activities • Academic Innovation innovation Stanford leads by action in education, innovation and implementation

  25. Collaboration and Coordination Faculty and students Schools and departments Industry peers Government (DOE) Local communities

  26. Conclusion Higher Education has significant green house gas reduction goals Opportunities for sustainable IT are plentiful Must look at them holistically: IT Equipment + Facilities, Enablement Payback frequently less then 1 year Cost efficiency and carbon savings Promote awareness and create venues for sharing across institutions: http://its.stanford.edu/wiki/sustainableit SustainableIT.stanford.EDU Joyce Dickerson Director, Sustainable IT (jdickerson@stanford.edu)

  27. Saving Energy in your Office with IT Equipment Saving Energy in your Office with IT Equipment

  28. THE BIG PICTURE: IT & CO2 EMISSIONS • IT Industry Energy Usage • Emissions growth from IT is the fastest of any sector, especially in data-intensive disciplines • Office equipment accounts for 26% of the energy used in office buildings (State of CA) • Lighting = 22% • Chilled Water Subsystem = 28% • Energy prices expected to rise 6% per year (DOE) • PC Statistics • Average PC wastes ½ the energy delivered to it (Climate Savers) • 50 million tons of e-waste produced yearly worldwide (Green PC) • User Behavior • As many as 60% don’t turn computer off at night (PC Energy Report) • US, with 5% world population, uses 30% of world’s paper (reduce.org) • Typical office disposes 350 lbs waste paper/employee/year (NRDC)

  29. IT AT STANFORD • Faculty, staff and students • 40,000 desktop/laptop computers • 6000 servers • 15% of campus energy use from IT infrastructure • Number of computers growing 15% per year • Need to keep energy usage flat, or reduce, while increasing productive output of IT infrastructure So what can you do?

  30. 1. USE YOUR COMPUTER LONGER • Keep using what you’re using • Replace less often • Laptop: 80% of carbon is from manufacturing, 20% from use • Desktop: 70% of carbon is from manufacturing, 30% from use • Upgrade components: hard drive, memory, graphics card, power supply, etc. • Replace with a laptop • Laptops use 80% less energy then desktop systems • fewer parts, need less packaging, less shipping • Recycle old machines • Make sure they don’t just get handed down • Look for machines designed for upgrades • Memory, processor

  31. 2. BUY WITH SUSTAINABILITY IN MIND • Buy only what you need • High-end graphics cards can use as much energy as CPU • Play fewer games… • Energy Star 5.0 • Establishes efficiency requirements to ensure energy savings • Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool (EPEAT) • www.epeat.net • Searchable database of computer hardware and set of holistic environmental guidelines • EPA + Hardware venders (Dell, HP, Apple, IBM, etc) • 20% of computers shipped in 2007 were EPEAT registered • Up from 10% in 2006 • Calculate environment benefits and cost savings

  32. POWER MANAGEMENT … A FEW MYTHS • Turning off your computer harms it • PCs are built to withstand 40,000 power cycles • Historically, could damage hard disks. Not anymore (IEEE) • It takes more energy to boot a computer than it does to keep it awake overnight • The small surge of power to turn it on is much smaller then energy used to keep it on • Screensavers save energy • Use more energy – 42-114 watts • Originally designed to prevent burn-in, not save energy • Better to turn the monitor off • A computer that’s off uses 0 energy • Plugged in it draws ~2-3 watts for network connectivity, etc.

  33. POWER MANAGEMENT – COMPARING THE OPTIONS

  34. POWER MANAGEMENT IS AN EASY WIN • Power Management comes with your computer • PC: Start/Control Panel/Power Options • Mac: Apple Menu/System Preferences/Energy Saver • Only 10% of PC’s have Power Management enabled (EPA) • Power management can save between $25-$75 in energy costs annually, per computer • Reduces energy used by approx 1/3 • Make it easy – activate Big Fix for the Dept • Already on 22,000+ across campus • Power Management enabled on 34% • Local IT centrally manages Big Fix Power Management • Stanford Green: Turn off Monitors after 15 minutes • Local IT can customize for dept needs • Spin down disk, Sleep, Hibernate

  35. Big Fix Power Management deployment is managed locally, so you can help drive up your Group’s participation Ask your local IT staff why your percentage isn’t higher

  36. 4. OPTIMIZE PERFORMANCE • If it’s running slow, it’s wasting energy • Talk to local IT team about cleaning it up • Do your own computer cleanup: • Windows: Start/All Programs/Accessories/System Tools • Disk Cleanup -- Free up disk space • Disk Defragmenter – consolidates fragmented files • Clear databases of unnecessary content • The more data they contain, the more hardware is used in storing them

  37. 5. MONITORS • Hunt out the CRTs and get rid of them • Convert to flat panels • CRT uses 2-3x more energy the flat panels • CRT has lead & mercury – so dispose of properly • Choose a LED flat-panel monitor • Light Emitting Diode (LED) monitors are mercury free and recyclable • LCD, while better then CRT’s, contains mercury (CFL) • Disable your Screen Saver • Turn off the Monitor using Power Management • Hit the ‘Off’ button when you walk away • Uses zero energy

  38. 6.PRINTING • The Obvious Stuff: • Set your print drivers to default to double-sided • Local IT can set your printers to default double-sided • Do the same for your copiers • Print in DRAFT mode to save toner • Print to PDF and store electronically • Use Print Preview to avoid printing errors • Only print ‘page 1’ of emails ... Avoid the chain • Squeeze the margins • Margins reduced from 1.25 to .75 in, nearly 5% paper savings • Use 100% Recycled Paper • Greenprint • See and select pages before printing • Average employee prints 6 wasted pages per day • Aardvark • Firefox extension – clean out graphics before printing • Track printer/copier sustainability with network tool • Most vendors have a multi-vendor tool • Xerox’s Sustainability Calculator, HP Webjet Admin

  39. 7. POWER SUPPLIES • All power supplies are not created equal • Older and many after-market ones are <80% efficient • Upgrade your power supply • 80 Plus Certification • >80% efficient • International Energy Efficiency stamp “IV” • >85% efficiency • Energy Star “V” • >87% efficiency • Always check power supply efficiency when buying any electronic equipment

  40. 8. BATTERIES • Replace your old laptop battery • Laptop batteries wear out • Same energy to achieve shorter battery life • Recycle and get a new one • Always recycle batteries: Contain lots of toxic heavy metal materials • Use them efficiently, so as to replace less often • Lithium-ion batteries • Last longer when kept from running below a 40-percent charge • Remove when plugged in • Trickle charge wears them out • iPods, cell phones etc. • Take it out of the case before charging • Cases trap heat and compromise battery capacity

  41. 9. KEEPING IT DIGITAL • Faxes • Scan and email docs rather then fax them • Get a Fax Server • Receive and send faxes via email • Scan your signature • Drop it on a Word or PDF Doc, make a new PDF, send back via email • Saves printing-signing-faxing-scanning-filing • Free PDF software at www.download.com • Look for most highly rated/downloaded

  42. 10. VAMPIRE PERIPHERALS • Target your peripherals • Up to 75% of total energy usage from when they’re off • Speakers, printer, monitor • Anything that has an AC Adaptor • Plug them into a Power Strip and turn off when done • Use a Smart Strip Power Strip • Available through Corporate Express

  43. 11. REUSE AND RECYCLE • Dispose of your old equipment properly • Toxic waste in electronics is substantial • Leaks into surrounding soils and water • Reuse, or recycle • Check with the manufacturer for take-back program • Reuse.stanford.edu • Donate/Resell <5 years • Give to Department Property Administrator • Mark as ‘Resale’ • http://ora.stanford.edu/ora/pmo/dpa_lookup/default.asp • Recycle old equipment >5 years • Stanford Equipment – e-waste bins in buildings • Electronicrecyclers.com • Personal Equipment – look for ewaste recycle days • Aim for 0% to landfill

  44. 12. Start Measuring Things • Get a Kill a Watt meter • Test out your peripherals • Speakers are a surprising sleeper • Measure ‘Vampire’ energy drains • Now available through Corporate Express

  45. 13. AUDIT, ACT & MEASURE AGAIN • Audit existing PC inventory • Run tests with the Kill a Watt meter • Baseline current energy consumption • Make Changes • Enable Big Fix (or other) management in your department • Replace power strips with Smart Strips • Disable screen savers • Replace CRT’s with LED Flat panels • Purchase EPEAT equipment • Set printers and copiers to double-sided • Track printer and copier usage with sustainability software • Repeat & Improve

  46. Sustainability at Stanford Sustainable IT Workspace: its.stanford.edu/wiki/sustainableit SustainableIT.stanford.edu Joyce Dickerson Director, Sustainable IT Department of Sustainability and Energy Management jdickerson@stanford.edu

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