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Early Peer Interaction Peer interaction is present in the first 2 years, but it is limited

Early Peer Interaction Peer interaction is present in the first 2 years, but it is limited By 12 months, infants occasionally respond to a peer’s behavior (e.g., smile, gesture, imitate) By age 2, reciprocal play is more common. Preschoolers (2-5 years) Different Types of Play

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Early Peer Interaction Peer interaction is present in the first 2 years, but it is limited

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  1. Early Peer Interaction • Peer interaction is present in the first 2 years, but it is limited • By 12 months, infants occasionally respond to a peer’s behavior (e.g., smile, gesture, imitate) • By age 2, reciprocal play is more common

  2. Preschoolers (2-5 years) • Different Types of Play • Nonsocial: Watching other children play OR solitary play • Parallel: Children play near each other but don’t interact • Associative: Children play separately but exchange toys and comment on one another’s behavior • Cooperative: Children play with a common goal

  3. Older preschool age children show more interactive play, but also continue to engage in nonsocial and parallel play

  4. Peer Relations in School-Age Children • Peer Acceptance: Extent to which a child is viewed as “likable” by peers

  5. Peer Acceptance Categories • Popular: Many positive nominations, few negative • Rejected: Many negative nominations, few positive • Controversial: Many positive and negative nominations • Neglected: No positive or negative nominations • Average: Few extreme nominations (positive or negative)

  6. Social Behavior • Popular Children: • Popular-prosocial • Cooperative and friendly with peers • Appropriately assertive

  7. Popular-antisocial • “Tough” boys with athletic skills • Aggressive with peers; defiant with adults • Viewed as “cool” by peers

  8. Rejected Children: • Rejected-aggressive • Severe behavior problems—aggressive; hostile; impulsive • More likely to misinterpret the innocent behavior of others as hostile and blame others for their social problems

  9. Rejected-withdrawn • Timid, passive • Expect peers to treat them poorly • More likely to be bullied

  10. Controversial • Show positive and negative social behaviors • Have as many friends as popular children

  11. Neglected • Low rate of social interaction • Considered shy by peers • As socially skilled as “average” children

  12. Peer Acceptance and Adjustment • Rejected children are at highest risk for later problems • Associated with poor school performance, dropping out, antisocial behavior, and higher rates of psychological symptoms in adolescence • Rejected status tends to be stable over time

  13. Neglected children • Usually well-adjusted • Don’t report being lonely/unhappy • Can interact with others successfully when they want to

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