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Explore the characteristics and types of effective teams, learn how to establish a team organization, and discover strategies for managing and resolving conflicts within teams.
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CHAPTER 15 TEAM MANAGEMENT AND CONFLICT
MANAGEMENT IN ACTION: A TEAM APPROACH • Teams Defined as: • a group • of two or more people • who interact regularly • and coordinate their work to accomplish • a common goal and/or objective
MANAGEMENT IN ACTION: A TEAM APPROACH • Characteristics of Effective Teams • commitment to and involved with clear and shared goals or vision] • all team members are free to express themselves and participate • members must trust and respect each other • leadership varies within the team structures • decisions are made by consensus
MANAGEMENT IN ACTION: A TEAM APPROACH • Types of Teams • vertical team--command team or functional team • horizontal teams--members are drawn from different departments • cross-functional teams • self-directed teams • task-force teams • platform teams
PHILOSOPHICAL ISSUES OF TEAM MANAGEMENT • How to Use Teams--product-development, project, quality, work teams • How Much Independence/Autonomy to Give Teams--closely controlled, moderate independence, independent/self-directed work teams
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A TEAM ORGANIZATION • The Process of Team Building • assess feasibility identify priorities • define mission and objectives • uncover and eliminate barriers to team building • start with small teams • plan for training needs • plan to empower • plan for feedback and development time
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A TEAM ORGANIZATION • Team-Building Considerations • team size • member roles--task oriented • the contributor--data-driven-supplies information • the challenger--questions conventions and status quo • the initiator--proposes new solutions, methods, and systems
THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A TEAM ORGANIZATION • Team-Building Considerations • member roles--social specialists • the collaborator--big picture vision person-”what if” • the communicator--listens well, facilitates well, synthesizes well • the cheerleader--encourages praises and lifts the team • the compromisor--able to shift opinions to maintain harmony
THE MANAGEMENT OF TEAM PROCESSES • Stages in Team Development • Forming • Storming • Norming • Performing • Team Cohesiveness • few members, frequent interaction, clear goals, identifiable successes • results in high morale and organizational effectiveness
MEASUREMENT OF TEAM EFFECTIVENESS • The Benefit of Teams • synergy • increased skill and knowledge • flexibility • commitment
MEASUREMENT OF TEAM EFFECTIVENESS • Costs of Teams • power-realignment expenses • training costs • lost productivity • free-riding costs • loss or productive workers who don’t fit into a team culture
TEAM AND INDIVIDUAL CONFLICT • When working with individuals or teams, conflict will occur • Views of Conflict • The Traditional View--views conflict as unnecessary, harmful, to be avoided • The Behavioral View--because of human nature and resource allocation --expect conflict but try to avoid it • The Interactionist View--conflict inevitable but also necessary
SOURCES OF CONFLICT • Competition • Differences in Objectives • Differences in Values and Perceptions • Disagreements about Role Requirements, Work Activities, Individual Approaches • Breakdowns in Communications
STRATEGIES FOR MANAGING CONFLICT • Analysis of the Conflict Situation--who is in conflict, what is the source of the conflict, what level is the conflict • Development of a Strategy--avoidance, smoothing, compromise, collaboration, confrontation, appeals to employee’s goals, third-party decision • Conflict Stimulation--increase the level of conflict and competition