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30 day COPD Readmissions - a medical directors prospective

30 day COPD Readmissions - a medical directors prospective. Jill Ohar MD - Professor of Medicine. Rate of readmission for COPD is high. and increasing. 3 rd leading cause for all readmission 4 th leading cause for 30d readmission. Jencks S. NEJM 2009 pp: 1418-28

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30 day COPD Readmissions - a medical directors prospective

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  1. 30 day COPD Readmissions- a medical directors prospective Jill Ohar MD - Professor of Medicine

  2. Rate of readmission for COPD is high and increasing 3rd leading cause for all readmission 4th leading cause for 30d readmission Jencks S. NEJM 2009 pp: 1418-28 Shah T. Chest 2015 pp: 1219-26

  3. COPD costs to the economy Exacerbation (70%) New Clinic Visit (1%) COPD readmit costs 1.5X the original admit Emergency (7%) Anticipated cost for COPD in 2020 $90.6 billion c/w $59.3billion in 2010 Hospitalization (92%) Miravitlles M. Chest2002pp:1449-55. Lau C. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017 pp 1891 -1902.

  4. Enhanced transitions in care are critical but insufficient to reduce readmissions

  5. Interventions that may decrease 30d readmits • Patient self-management • Early outpatient follow-up • Pulmonary rehabilitation • Receipt and filling of all respiratory medications at discharge • Inhaler device training • Pharmacist-supervised medication reconciliation Shah T. Chest 2016pp:916-26

  6. Pulmonary rehab and clinic attendance was low Ohar JA. EurResp J 2016: PA551

  7. 52% of AECOPD have suboptimal PIFR Loh C. Ann Am ThoracSoc2017 pp: 1305- 11

  8. Diagnostic Uncertainty 21% no PFTs, 12% unable to perform, 11% normal FEV1/FVC European COPD Audit showed 49.7% have spirometry on admission for AECOPD Wu H. CHEST 2017p1263-71 Hartl S. EurResp J 2016 pp: 113-121

  9. Dilemma of Diagnosis • PNA • CHF 1,2 • Pneumothorax • Arrhythmia • VTE/PE (20% who present w/o Sx of infection)3 • Cardiac ischemic/infarction • Bronchitis 1Mueller C. J Int Med. 2005 p77. 2Tung RH. An Emer Med. 2006 p75. 3Tillie-Leblond I. An Intern Med. 2006 p390.

  10. Clinical assessment can be deceiving – therefore inpatient spirometry • sensitivity - 94.4% (119/126) • specificity - 24.2% (8/33) • positive predictive value - 82.6% (119/144) • negative predictive value - 53.3% (8/15) Correlation of In- and Outpatient spirometry Receiver operator curve AUC 0.82 Loh C. ChronObstrucPulm Dis 2018 pp: 124-33

  11. Cause for readmission is often a co-morbidity 27.6% Readmit cause is COPD in just 32.6% Medicare claims 2003-2004 Medicare claims 2006-2010 in 7 states Jencks S. NEJM 2009pp:1418-28 Shah T. Chest2015pp:1219-26

  12. Readmits and mortality share risks Medicare beneficiaries > 65Yr 30d readmit is associated with 68% greater mortality risk CatalunaJJ.Thorax 2005pp: 925-31 Genao L. Ann Am ThoracSoc 2015 pp:1805-12 Hartl S. EurResp J 2016 pp:113 - 21

  13. Mortality • Average inpatient mortality rate for AECOPD is 6.7% increasing to 15.6% in the post discharged period 1 • 25% are dead in a year 2,3 • Therefore initiate palliative and hospice services • 1 Hoogendoorn M. ERJ 2011 p508. 2Lykkegaard J Resp Med 2012. 3Groenewegen KH Chest 2003.

  14. Putting it into practice - A comprehensive plan to reduce AECOPD readmits • Respiratory therapist directed • Focused on the 4 pillars of COPD inpatient care • Diagnosis & treatment of COPD • Diagnosis & treatment of co-morbidities • Enhanced transitions in care • Recognition of the dying patients and initiation of hospice and palliative care services

  15. A comprehensive care plan reduces 30day readmissions and death Ohar JA. EurResp J 2016: PA551

  16. A big thank you to all those who helped show that... A comprehensive plan that employs Diagnosis and treatment of COPD Diagnosis and treatment of comorbidities Enhanced transitions in care Referral for palliative and hospice services Works!

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