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Memory, Culture, Violence in Post Conflict policies. Case of Colombia

Memory, Culture, Violence in Post Conflict policies. Case of Colombia. Norma Fonseca University of Aberdeen Normafonseca86@gmail.com March 2012. THE THEORY . CONFLICT RESOLUTION AND PEACEBUILDING.

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Memory, Culture, Violence in Post Conflict policies. Case of Colombia

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  1. Memory, Culture, Violence in Post Conflict policies. Case of Colombia Norma Fonseca University of Aberdeen Normafonseca86@gmail.com March 2012

  2. THE THEORY CONFLICT RESOLUTION AND PEACEBUILDING Restructuring of the social, political and economic dynamics after and during the cessation of fire. HOW? WHY? To help the country restart life!!! -DDR -Democratic Reconstruction -State Reform -The Encouragement of Foreign Investment -Strengthening the Civil Society -Maintaining the Rule of law

  3. BUT…. WHAT ABOUT THE COLOMBIAN CASE?

  4. Colombia ? International Big Picture?

  5. WHO IS INVOLVED IN COLOMBIAN DEMOCRATIC SYSTEM? What do they want? Greed and Grievance, Collier? DEMOCRATIC SECURITY POLICY GOVERNMENT URIBE-SANTOS AUC FARC ELN COLOMBIAN CIVIL SOCIETY

  6. THE FACTS: • Peace Agreements (M 19) • Democratic System • Electoral Reform (2003) • Strength of left wing politics both in Colombia (Polo Democrático) and the region • Demobilization of some fronts of the ELN and AUC. • Popularity and policies of the current President, Alvaro Uribe Velez (Uribismo) and his Democratic Security Policy (SeguridadDemocrática) continuity with Juan Manuel Santos. • Death of the highest rebel leaders of FARC , Manuel Marulanda ‘Tirofijo’ , Raul Reyes in 2008 and Alfonso Cano in 2011. • "The challenge of implementing post-conflict measures while there's still conflict“.

  7. Demobilization of some of the paramilitary fronts. Remedios / Antioquia / CO / 2005

  8. The leader of the most powerful Latin American insurgency,ManuelMarulanda, died of a heart attack in March 2008 "The Farc are irreversibly weakened and in decline," said Defence Minister Juan Manuel Santos. (Now, Colombian president) "We are winning, but we cannot claim victory yet’’.

  9. SO, WHAT COULD THE SOLUTION BE? AND HOW?POST CONFLICT? PEACE?

  10. First… CULTURE VIOLENCE Monopoly? -Shape the way of life -“War of all against all”(Hobbes) Shall we fight for the monopoly of Violence? For a stable peace? Identity Memory “Me", "Us” and “The others” “Conflict narrative” Political and social Representatives Experiences

  11. IN THEORY, POST CONFLICT POLICIES. • Investments and Economical Progress • International Image • Security and Defence policies • Plan Colombia (anti-drug) • Strength in Civil Society • Cross Border Policies • Private Sectorand Social Responsibility • Culture of Terror and Memory • National Identity

  12. In practice? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0me7t7wXKLw http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-15815524

  13. Is it possible that a peace building process in Colombia can ever succeed? • What is the role of civil society in this process?

  14. Final Issues • National psyche : Collective amnesia vs. Collective anaesthesia • ”Fear, an emotion that is individually experienced, socially constructed and cultural shared” (Ria no-Alcala 2006) • Literature, media and cultural objects in a conflict context. (Lindsay, 2003) • Is Colombia inside a Labyrinth? What could change if some voices were just listened to? (Democratic security?) • A cease-fire is the easiest way. The re-construction of a nation and to rebuild trust between us is the most complex issue. When? How?

  15. QUESTIONS?

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