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Chapter 15 International Human Resources Management. Learning Outcomes. Explain the political, economic, socio-cultural, and technological factors in different countries that HR managers need to consider Identify the types of organizational forms used for competing internationally
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Learning Outcomes • Explain the political, economic, socio-cultural, and technological factors in different countries that HR managers need to consider • Identify the types of organizational forms used for competing internationally • Explain how domestic and international HRM differ. Discuss the recruitment, selection, training, compensation, and performance appraisal needs for different types of employees working across borders • Explain how labor relations differ around the world
Factors to be Considered by HR Managers • Political • Economic • Sociocultural • Technological
Recruiting Internationally • Core criteria that are viewed as essential in worldwide recruiting efforts • Personal integrity • Drive for results • Respect for others • Capability • Virtually all countries have work permit or visa restrictions that apply to foreigners
Selecting Employees Internationally • Selecting employees in a foreign country environment can be difficult • Get to know the local market and customs in hiring • To understand local markets, HR managers can • Get to know the universities, technical schools, and primary schools in the area • Develop network in the business and government communities • Understand the employees of the firm’s competitors
Selecting Global Managers • Global manager:Manager equipped to run an international business • Skills required for global managers • Ability to seize strategic opportunities • Ability to manage highly decentralized organizations • Awareness of global issues • Sensitivity to issues of diversity • Competence in interpersonal relations • Community-building skills
Selecting Global Managers • Cultural environment: Communications, religion, values and ideologies, education, and social structure of a country • Core skills:Skills considered critical to an employee’s success abroad • Augmented skills:Skills helpful in facilitating the efforts of expatriate managers
Selecting Global Managers • Steps involved in selecting individuals for an international assignment • Begin with self-selection • Create a candidate pool • Assess candidates’ core skills • Assess candidates’ augmented skills and attributes • Companies that have selected the best candidates experience high expatriate failure rates • Failure rate:Percentage of expatriates who do not perform satisfactorily
Training and Development • When employees are sent aboard for an assignment, it is critical to provide them with training • Companies have found that good training programs help them attract the employees they need from host countries
Compensation • Different countries have different norms for employee compensation • Financial incentives versus nonfinancial incentives • Individual rewards versus collectivist concerns for internal equity and personal needs • General rule • Create a pay plan that supports the overall strategic intent of the organization
Compensation of Host-Country Employees • Hourly wages can vary from country to country • Paid on the basis of: • Productivity • Time spent on the job • Combination of these factors • Employee benefits can range from country to country
Compensation of Host-Country Managers • Global compensation system • Centralized pay system whereby host-country employees are offered a full range of: • Training programs • Benefits • Pay comparable with a firm’s domestic employees • Companies with centralized systems are having higher effectiveness and satisfaction levels with their compensation systems
Compensation of Expatriate Managers • Effective international compensation program mustbe put into place • Home-based pay • Balance-sheet approach • Split pay • Host-based pay • Localization • Other issues
Performance Appraisal • Appraisal of employee’s performance • Home-country evaluations • Host-country evaluations • Home versus host-country evaluations • Local managers with daily contact with the person are to have an accurate picture of his or her performance
Analyzing the International Labor Environment • Factors of union strength • Level of employee participation • Per capita labor income • Mobility between management and labor • Homogeneity of labor (racial, religious, social class) • Unemployment levels • Companies are increasingly giving offshore jobs to countries where labor costs are lower, unionized workers have been forced to make concessions
Labor Participation in Management • In European countries, provisions for employee representation are established by law • Codetermination:Representation of labor on the board of directors of a company • Power is with the shareholders who are assured the chairmanship