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Male Circumcision by. Lucy Etukakpan. Male circumcision is defined as removal of all or some of the foreskin (prepuce) from the penis. It is the most common surgical procedure in the world and has sparked a lot of debate. It may be done for religious or medical reasons. Religious Reasons.
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Male Circumcisionby Lucy Etukakpan
Male circumcision is defined as removal of all or some of the foreskin (prepuce) from the penis. • It is the most common surgical procedure in the world and has sparked a lot of debate. • It may be done for religious or medical reasons.
Religious Reasons. • Neonatal circumcision on the eight day of life is practised by the Jewish faith. • In Islam, circumcision is widely practised although timing is not as strict. • It is also customary in some churches in Africa.
And God said unto Abraham, Thou shalt keep my covenant therefore, thou, and thy seed after thee in their generations. 10 This is my covenant, which ye shall keep, between me and you and thy seed after thee; Every man child among you shall be circumcised. 11 And ye shall circumcise the flesh of your foreskin; and it shall be a token of the covenant between me and you. 12 And he that is eight days old shall be circumcised among you, every man child in your generations, he that is born in the house, or bought with money of any stranger, which is not of thy seed. 13 He that is born in thy house, and he that is bought with thy money, must needs be circumcised: and my covenant shall be in your flesh for an everlasting covenant. 14 And the uncircumcised man child whose flesh of his foreskin is not circumcised, that soul shall be cut off from his people; he hath broken my covenant.
Medical Indications. • Pathological Phimosis- secondary to other conditions that cause scarring, including recurrent balanitis, traumatic foreskin retraction or balanitis xerotica obliterans. • Paraphimosis- inability to reduce a retracted foreskin (especially following catheterization) • Recurrent UTIs especially with proteus spp.(very occasionally)
Arguments in support of circumcision. • Prevention of penile and cervical cancer • Prevention of sexually transmitted infections including HIV. This is supported by the WHO, CDC and UNAIDS. • Prevention of UTIs.
Arguments against Circumcision. • Violation of human rights. • ?Reduced penile sensation and sexual satisfaction( in the male as well as the female). • Complications following circumcision such as bleeding, infection, meatal stenosis and scarring from the circumcision.
Circumcision Procedures. • Pain relief is achieved by EMLA cream, dorsal penile nerve block, subcutaneous nerve block or general anaesthetic. • Devices such as the Gomco clamp, the plastibell and the Mogen clamp are used to perform the circumcision. • After hospital circumcision the foreskin may be used in biomedical research, consumer skin care products and skin grafts.
In the UK, circumcision for Religious or cultural reasons cannot be performed on the NHS. • In Derby, patients can be referred to Peartree clinic and it is usually done by Dr Singh.