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Saur et al. (2008) PNAS Ventral and dorsal pathways for language (14 authors!)

Saur et al. (2008) PNAS Ventral and dorsal pathways for language (14 authors!). Hickok & Poeppel’s (2004, 2008) Model Dual-streams for auditory language processing Like visual system? Visually guided “where/how” system = dorsal Object recognition “what” system = ventral

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Saur et al. (2008) PNAS Ventral and dorsal pathways for language (14 authors!)

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  1. Saur et al. (2008) PNASVentral and dorsal pathways for language(14 authors!) • Hickok & Poeppel’s (2004, 2008) Model • Dual-streams for auditory language processing • Like visual system? • Visually guided “where/how” system = dorsal • Object recognition “what” system = ventral • Motor-articulatory system (dorsal?) • Conceptual system (ventral?)

  2. Two Language Tasks • Repetition • 60 German words • 60 phonotactically legal nonwords • Repeat each one • 2 blocks, 30 trials/block • Comprehension • 90 well-formed German sentences • 90 pseudo-sentences comprised of phonotactically legal pseudo-words • Listen carefully and push button at end of sentence • 3 blocks, 30 trials/block

  3. fMRI Data Collection • 3T magnet • Event-related design • W/in block, real and pseudo-stimuli randomly ordered • ISI varied 6-11 sec • 33 native German-speaking participants • 11 F / 22 M, mean age 34 • 18 RH / 15 LH • No info on familial handedness

  4. Diffusion Tensor Imaging& Tractography • Same subjects as fMRI study • Diffusion-weighted data collection • Only Left Hemisphere imaged • fMRI data used as seeds for tractography • Anatomical activity at 5 highest activity peaks used as seeds • Used a different tractography algorithm than Glasser & Rilling (2008)

  5. fMRI Activation ResultsReal vs Pseudo Contrasts Auditory Repetition Task Auditory Sent Comp Task 5 peaks used as seeds FOP = deep frontal operculum F3op = IFG pars opercularis PMd = dorsal premotor cortex T1a = anterior STG T1p = posterior STG 5 peaks used as seeds F3orb = IFG pars orbitalis F3tri = IFG pars triangularis T2a = anterior MTG T2p = posterior STG FUS = fusiform gyrus

  6. fMRI activation on sagittal slices through the DTI seed locations Blue = Repetition Red = Comprehension

  7. 3D Reconstruction of Probable Tracts Repetition Sent Comp

  8. Probable Dorsal & Ventral Tracts “Superior temporal and premotor regions, activated during repetition, interact via a dorsal pathway along the Arcuate Fasciculus/ superior Longitudinal Fascicle. In contrast, middle and inferior temporal regions and the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, activated during auditory comprehension, interact via a ventral pathway that runs through the Extreme Capsule.” (p. 18038) “Thus, it seems that language, for All its human uniqueness and sophistication, adheres to the same anatomical principles that govern brain functions in other domains.” (p. 18039) Blue = Repetition Red = Sent Comp PFC = Prefrontal Cortex = Ventral PMC = Premotor Cortex = Dorsal

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