Comprehensive Interactive Drug Education for Teachers & Students

1. In Partnership with SD#23: Training for teachers to provide comprehensive Interactive drug Education in the classroom SB Addiction Counsellors (Gr.7-12) Kelly Stewart BSW Kiera Kneller BPsyc SB Targeted Prevention Counsellor (Gr.7-9) Nicole JacksonBSW

2. ARC Programs In Partnership with SD#23: Training for teachers to provide comprehensive Interactive drug Education in the classroom • Where did this Project come from? • October 2013- Principal Derek Lea • January 2014- ARC Programs Advisory Committee • Researching BC Drug Education • “Prescribed Learning Outcomes” set by SD#23 for the Health Curriculum career education for Grade 8 for Substance use Prevention • Analyse influences related to substance misuse (e.g, friends, family, media) • Propose strategies that can assist youth in making healthy choices related to substance use (e.g.,assertive communication, refusal/delay/negotiation skills, avoidance of risk situations, participating in alternative activities)

3. Focus drug education on building competencies (Dan Reist 2012- CARBC) • Resilience-based drug education needs to prepare young people to make effective decisions in the complex real world in which they live, work and play. • Knowledge is not simply transferred as some random set of facts or beliefs but constructed in a process of social interaction. Good educators are not all-knowing experts but facilitators of learning relationships. This means attention to affect and intellect, emotion and cognition. Students actually learn better when they are emotionally engaged in the topic and the learning community. • Information-only programs that assume "if children just knew more about drugs, they would make rational choices not to use them" have been ineffective. As have affective approaches that assume "if only children felt better about themselves, and had good communication skills, they would withstand peer pressure and not use drugs." • Resilience –based education focus on the students capabilities instead of their deficits.

4. McCreary Report 2013 • BC Adolescent Health Survey, existing since 1992, with over 100,000 students in grade 7-12 having completed the survey. • Approximately 85% of the 59 school districts in BC participate in this survey. The 2013 report surveyed over 30,000 students in BC. • Survey questions cover factors that promote healthy development and behaviors that may compromise health. Questions topics include physical and mental health, school family, substance use, injuries, extracurricular activities, violence and discrimination, and technology use. • Key findings from this report: fewer youth had tried alcohol, marijuana or cigarettes than in 2003 and fewer youth seriously considered suicide than any time since the survey began in 1992. One of the areas of concern in BC was a rise in the misuse of prescription pills. ** PLEASE NOTE OKANAGAN SPECIFIC STATS WILL BE RELEASED TO YOUR SCHOOL DISTRICT AT A LATER TIME

5. Did you know? • 21% of youth in BC have tried smoking cigarettes (the most common age to start is 14/15) • 26% of youth in BC have tried marijuana (the most common age to start is age 14) • 45% of youth in BC have tried alcohol (most common age to start is age 14) • 11% of youth in BC have used prescription pills without a doctor’s note • 6% of youth in BC have tried hallucinogens (i.e. MDMA) • McCreary Centre Society (2013), British Columbia Youth Health Report

6. Students who had ever used substances other than Alcohol and Marijuana McCreary Youth Survey 2013

7. There is a NEED for Drug Education in Grade 8 or Earlier • Most young people will have experimented with one or more psychoactive substances. • Young people acquire knowledge, skills and strategies to manage drug risk in the same way they can learn to understand and manage other risks in life (sex ed, injuries, driving, ect) • The risks related to psychoactive substances relate primarily to; • The amount used • Frequency of use • Age of use • Context of use • Reasons for using • CARBC, 2012

8. Consequences of Substance Use in the past Year McCreary Youth Survey 2013

9. Reasons for Using Substances the last time McCreary Youth Survey 2013

10. Tobacco Alcohol Cannabis Fast fact #1: Alcohol causes the greatest amount of death and disability among young Canadians, even though we are often more fearful of “street” drugs such as crystal meth and heroin. Fast fact #2: Marijuana is not a risk-free drug. Smoking anything can damage your lungs. Marijuana can affect your concentration, reaction time and alertness. Because teenagers are still developing physically and emotionally, regular marijuana use can negatively affect memory and school performance. It is also linked to depression in early adulthood. Fast fact #3: A close family atmosphere can make a difference. For example, studies show that teens who regularly eat dinner at home with their families are less likely to use tobacco, alcohol and other drugs.

11. Protective factors for teens

12. Risk Factors • Family history of use • Age of onset • History of abuse/neglect • School problems (bullying, grades, friendships) • Developmental lags • Criminal involvement • Psychological conditions

13. Continued…. • Emotional functioning • Peers that use • Family circumstances (conflict, blended, divorce) • Lack of recreation or community involvement • Lack of personal skills • Low self esteem • General health • High tolerance

14. Grade 8 Substance Use Prevention Education SD23: Module 1

16. How Can These Life Areas Influence Your Choices Around Drugs?

17. Why Do Kids Use Substances?

18. What are some ways to Stay Healthy

19. How can Drugs be good or bad?

20. OPTION A FACTORS GAME OPTION B SERPENTS & LIFELINES GAME

21. Am I your role model?

22. Example of the Project

23. Module Two: Drug Education tobacco, marijuana, alcohol

26. True or False? • Is chewing tobacco is safer than smoking? • Is smoking lighter cigarettes is safer than regulars? • Using a pipe is safer? • Using a water pipe (hookah) is safe to use? False False False False

27. Electronic Cigarettes • Produces vapour that looks like smoke • Uses a battery to heat element that vaporizes liquid solution • E-cigs containing nicotine in Canada are illegal • User does not get a high

28. Know the Risks about E-Cigs • E-cigs are too new for long-term studies to know the risks. • Contains propylene glycol which has not been identified • as safe for inhaling along with other chemicals used. • Nitrosamines and heaving metals have been found in e-liquid and vapour. • Most common side effects are sore throat, dry cough, and headache due to inhalation of propylene glycol and/or nicotine • MAJOR CONCERN: create nicotine addicts in smokes or lead to addiction among youth. • E-cig devices and cartridges are not approved by consumer safety standards in approved facilities.

29. Marijuana Doobie Joint Chronic Ganja Green Dope Reefer Bud Mary Jane

31. Cannabis- Know The Risks Short Term Long Term • Some users describe feeling more open and relaxed. • Others can get quiet and withdrawn • Experience brighter colours, more distinct smells • Slower reactions time, increase clumsiness • Learning difficulty • Forgetfulness • Difficulty concentrating • Chronic coughing, lung infections • Decreased ability for short term memory, concentration and abstract thinking • Decreased motivation *** Withdrawal Effects: troubled sleep, irritability anxiety, nausea, sweating, loss of appetite***

33. What effects can pot have on mental health? Increased chances of experiencing Depression and Anxiety ***High Doses can cause: severe anxiety, panic attacks, paranoia, temporary psychosis, and possible hallucinations***

34. Tobacco + Weed= Rockers/ Poppers • Gives user intense head rush, dizziness • Can cause nausea • Tobacco increases addictive behaviors • Tolerance increases with increased use • Increase challenges to decrease/ cut down use • More significant withdrawal than just pot use • Users report feeling more anxious than the average pot user

35. alcohol

36. Alcohol

37. Alcohol- Know The Risks Short Term Long Term • Slurred speech • Drowsiness • Vomiting • Diarrhea • Upset stomach • Headaches • Breathing difficulties • Distorted vision and hearing • Impaired judgment • Decreased perception and coordination • Unconsciousness • Anemia (loss of red blood cells) • Coma • Blackouts • Unintentional injuries such as car crash, falls, burns, drowning • Intentional injuries such as firearm injuries, sexual assault, domestic violence • Increased on-the-job injuries and loss of productivity • Increased family problems, broken relationships • Alcohol poisoning • High blood pressure, stroke, and other heart-related diseases • Liver disease • Nerve damage • Sexual problems • Permanent damage to the brain • Vitamin B1 deficiency, which can lead to a disorder characterized by amnesia, apathy and disorientation • Ulcers • Gastritis (inflammation of stomach walls) • Malnutrition • Cancer of the mouth and throat

39. Choose Your Path Game

40. Module Three: Drug Education mdma/ecstasy, prescription drugs

42. Ecstasy/ mdma • Is a synthetic drug with stimulant and hallucinogenic qualities • Reduces inhibitions • High body temperature/hyperthermia • Dehydration, muscle tension • Produces feelings of empathy for others • The effects last from 3-6 hours.

43. Long Term Effects • Depression • Sleep disorders • Drug craving • Persistent elevation of anxiety • Paranoia • Rash • Aggressive and impulsive behaviour

44. “I hear a lot of people talking about Ecstasy, calling it a fun, harmless drug. All I can think is, ‘If they only knew.’ “In five months, I went from living somewhat responsibly while pursuing my dream to a person who didn’t care about a thing—and the higher I got, the deeper I sank into a dark, lonely place. When I did sleep, I had nightmares and the shakes. I had pasty skin, a throbbing head and the beginnings of feeling paranoid, but ignored it all, thinking it was normal. Until the night I thought I was dying. “Ecstasy took my strength, my motivation, my dreams, my friends, my apartment, my money and most of all, my sanity. I worry about my future and my health every day. I have many mountains ahead of me, but I plan to keep climbing because I’m one of the lucky ones.” —Lynn

45. Prescription Drugs Getting prescription drugs without a prescription is illegal, and abusing prescription medications can be dangerous!

47. Online Games • Brain Games - Sara's Quest.htm • http://archives.drugabuse.gov/havefun/sarasquest/sqgame.php • Brain Games – Pick a Card.htm • http://archives.drugabuse.gov/havefun/pick_a_card.php

49. Module Four: skill building & resiliency

50. Ways to say No