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Transcription. Catalyst What are the three parts of a nucleotide? Which part of DNA holds it together? Which part of DNA stores information (code) for making protein? Write the complementary base sequence for this DNA: TTCGAGCTA. Write in complete sentences! Don’t talk during the Catalyst!.

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  1. Transcription • Catalyst • What are the three parts of a nucleotide? • Which part of DNA holds it together? • Which part of DNA stores information (code) for making protein? • Write the complementary base sequence for this DNA: TTCGAGCTA Write in complete sentences! Don’t talk during the Catalyst!

  2. Agenda • Catalyst • Science as Inquiry • RNA • The Central Dogma • Practice • Exit Question

  3. Review Worksheet

  4. Test Prep Review • 1) The types of proteins produced in a cell are regulated by the • 1 order of nucleotides in DNA molecules • 2 shape of DNA molecules • 3 size of nucleotides in DNA molecules • 4 location of DNA molecules

  5. Test Prep Review • 16 In DNA, which of the following determines the traits of an organism? • F Amount of adenine • G Number of sugars • H Sequence of nitrogen bases • J Strength of hydrogen bonds

  6. Test Prep Review • 19 All of the following are found in a DNA molecule except — • A carbon dioxide • B deoxyribose • C nitrogen • D phosphate

  7. Test Prep Review • 21 In all plant and animal cells, the nucleus contains long molecules of DNA. Which of the following best describes the function of DNA? • F DNA provides the shape and structure of the nucleus. • G DNA packages materials for transport through the nucleus. • H DNA carries materials into and out of the nucleus. • J DNA contains the blueprint for producing the whole organism.

  8. Objectives By the end of today, SWBAT… • State the central dogma of biology • Compare and contrast the structures and functions of DNA and RNA

  9. Science as Inquiry (7 minutes) • The instructions you need for making a table are at the store, and you’re at home. What do you do? • The instructions the cell needs for making protein (DNA) is in the nucleus, and proteins are made in the ribosome. What does the cell do?

  10. RNA • Key Point #1 • mRNA copies genetic information from DNA, and carries it to the ribosomes. • DNA STORES the information, but cannot leave the nucleus. • So mRNA copies the information and CARRIESit out of the nucleus. (mRNA = messenger RNA) • This is called TRANSCRIPTION.

  11. Base Pairing RNAlovesU

  12. Science as Inquiry (5 minutes) • RNA is similar to DNA, but not the same. Flip over your “Figuring Out Transcription” sheet and look on the back side. • Find as many differences between the pictures as you can.

  13. Structure of RNA • Key Point #2 • There are three important structural differences between DNA and RNA. • RNA is single-stranded. • RNA’s sugar is ribose, not deoxyribose like DNA. • In RNA, Uracil (U) pairs with (A).

  14. Base Pairing RNAlovesU

  15. Putting It All Together • The central dogma of biology = information in DNA is copied into RNA, which is used to make proteins that determine all traits. • The central dogma of biology is one of the two most important beliefs in biology. • It explains how DNA tells your cells how to do… everything.

  16. Central Dogma DNA Transcription RNA Translation Protein

  17. Guided Practice 1 One strand of DNA has the nitrogenous bases of TAGCCAG What is the complimentary strand of DNA? ATCGGTC What is the complimentary strand of RNA? AUCGGUC

  18. Guided Practice 2 One strand of DNA has the nitrogenous bases of CCCATATTA What is the complimentary strand of DNA? GGGTATAAT What is the complimentary strand of mRNA? GGGUAUAAU

  19. Guided Practice 3 • What is the central Dogma of Biology? • DNA’s information is copied into RNA. RNA’s info can then be used to make proteins. DNA transcription RNA translation PROTEIN

  20. Number of strands? Made of nucleotides? Bases used? Has a phos-sug backbone? Places found in cell? Participates in transcription/translation? Kind of sugar? Guided Practice 4 • Fill in this Venn Diagram using as many terms as you know. DNA RNA Stores genetic information Carries genetic information

  21. Now Time for Independent Practice • Expectations • Work QUIETLY for the remainder of the class period.

  22. Exit Questions • What is transcription? • Describe THREE DIFFERENCES between DNA and RNA. • Describe TWO SIMILARITIESbetween DNA and RNA. Write in complete sentences! Don’t talk during the Exit Question!

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