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Dispersion modelling work at King’s College London

Dispersion modelling work at King’s College London. David Carslaw Environmental Research Group King’s College London. London Air Quality Network-LAQN. Insight from measurements. Secondary pollutants from UK/Europe Natural particle episodes e.g. Saharan dust in March 2000

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Dispersion modelling work at King’s College London

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  1. Dispersion modelling work at King’s College London David Carslaw Environmental Research Group King’s College London

  2. London Air Quality Network-LAQN

  3. Insight from measurements • Secondary pollutants from UK/Europe • Natural particle episodes e.g. Saharan dust in March 2000 • Very localised conditions e.g. congested traffic and the specific configuration of buildings

  4. Particle episode, February 2003

  5. Model development • Data from LAQN has been used in the development of practical models for London • NO2 and PM10 regression and receptor models (Carslaw et al., 2001; Fuller et al., 2002) • Techniques used in tandem with ADMS to predict concentrations London-wide Carslaw, D.C., Beevers, S.D., Fuller, G., 2001. An Empirical Approach for the Prediction of Annual Mean Nitrogen Dioxide Concentrations in London. Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 35, 1505-1515. Fuller, G.W., Carslaw, D.C., Lodge, H.W., 2002. An Empirical Approach for the Prediction of Daily Mean PM10 Concentrations. Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 36, 1431-1441.

  6. Met pre-processors • Some account has been taken of urban meteorology based on parameterisations in the literature • Addition of anthropogenic heat flux • Approach is too simplistic • Need for more appropriate met data for urban modelling (heat fluxes, energy balances)

  7. Application of dispersion models in London • Projections of future base case concentrations of NO2 and PM10 • Analysis of the efficacy of different potential policies in London e.g. a low emission zone and the use of new vehicle technologies

  8. Congestion charging (CCS) • ERG will be working with Transport for London to monitor the CCS scheme (AQ measurement, emissions, prediction) • It will provide an unprecedented level of traffic activity information • Continuous traffic counters • Manual counts – specific vehicle types • Automatic number plate recognition (ANPR)

  9. Congestion charging • Many interesting research questions: • CCS is a large natural experiment i.e. the effect of a perturbation • How atmospheric composition responds to a specific policy in a large urban area • Potential effects of displacing emissions to hours of the day where dispersion is less efficient • How secondary pollutants respond to emissions changes over a comparatively small area • Re-suspended particulate matter from vehicle-induced turbulence

  10. Research priorities • Urban meteorology • Significantly more information is required • Connecting the different scales • No one model works at all scales • Developments in dispersion modelling needs to be matched with developments in emissions inventories • Emission factors, spatial and temporal scales, species considered • A wider context: urban morphology, heat release etc. • Data management e.g. expertise with GIS

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