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Skeletal System

Skeletal System. Word Dissection. Roots You Will See Os bone Chon cartillage Practice: Osteocyte Chondrocyte. Skeletal System Functions:. Support: Structural frame Protection: some bones physically surround internal organs

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Skeletal System

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  1. Skeletal System

  2. Word Dissection Roots You Will See • Os bone • Chon cartillage Practice: Osteocyte Chondrocyte

  3. Skeletal System Functions: • Support: Structural frame • Protection: some bones physically surround internal organs • Aid in Movement: bones provide a place of attachment for muscles • Blood Cell formation: manufactured by red marrow (hematopoiesis) • Storage: storehouse for calcium and phosphate

  4. Bone Structure: Types of Bones • Long Bones- greater in length then width, absorb stress from body weight. EX/ Arm, leg Bones • Short Bones- about equal in length and width, forming a cube shape. EX/ wrist bones • Flat Bones- thin and flat. EX/ cranium bones • Irregular Bones- Do not fit into any other category. EX / vertebrae and bones of face

  5. Parts of a Long Bone- Exterior • Diaphysis – Long central shaft • Epiphyses- extreme ends of the bone, forms a joint or articulation • Articular cartilage- a thin layer of hyaline cartilage lies along the outer surface where joint occurs • Periosteum- a sheet of dense connective tissue that envelopes the bone, except where there is hyaline cartilage.

  6. Periosteum • Firmly attached to bones outer surface by protein fibers • Contains large supply of blood • Contains bone cell- osteoblast (active in bone growth • Functions: bone nourishment, attachment to ligaments and tendons, bone growth and repair

  7. Compact Bone Tightly packed Forms the walls of the diaphysis Spongy Bone Lattice network Occupies diaphysis Types of Bone Histological organization of compact bone (see Figure 19 below)

  8. Parts of Long Bone Cont. • Red Marrow- blood forming connective tissue • Medullary Cavity- large central chamber in the diaphysis (Compact bone) • Yellow marrow- located in the Medullary cavity, rich in fatty tissue for energy storage • Endosteum- interior lining of the Medullary cavity that extends into the spongy bone

  9. Bone Composition • Bone tissue, cartilage, dense connective tissue, blood forming tissue, blood vessels, and nerves • Primary component is bone tissue • Bone is a connective tissue. • Why do you think it is classified as connective?

  10. Osseous Tissue Strength Ca3(PO4)2 Calcium phosphate 2/3 by weight of bone Elasticity Collagen fibers Almost 1/3 of bone by weight Cells 2% of bone by weight

  11. Bone Tissue • Consists of hardened matrix, with embedded cells • Inorganic Materials- mineral salts, calcium carbonate and calcium phosphate. 2/3 total weight of bone, make it hard and inflexible, canals had to be developed to allow blood to pass through • Organic Materials – mainly collagen, produced by bone cells, reinforces and strengthen matrix

  12. Three types of bone cells • Osteoblasts • Osteocytes • Osteoclasts

  13. Osteoblasts • Arise from embryonic cells • Within periosteum, in adults • Actively produce matrix, and get trapped in the chambers (lacunae)

  14. Osteocytes • Once osteoblasts become trapped in matrix they are call Osteocytes

  15. Osteoclasts • Wonder throughout the bone tissue • Secrete a substance that dissolves minerals salts crystals of matrix

  16. Yellow marrow Blood vessel

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