U.S. Congress

1. U.S. Congress Legislative Branch Article I

5. House of Representatives

6. House of Representatives 435 smaller constituencies less prestige limited debate one committee assign. All money bills originate here

7. House of Representatives At least 25 yrs of age Citizen, 7 yrs Resident of state Serve two-year term

9. apportionment census Article 1, Section 2

10. gerrymandering

13. Pennsylvania 12th

15. U. S. House, Press Gallery

17. The Well

18. Speaker of the House John Boehner (BA-ner) R-OH )

19. House Minority Leader (formerly the Speaker of the House when the Democrats had a majority) Nancy Pelosi (D, CA)

20. Special Powers of the House • 1. All originate all $ bills • 2. Can bring impeachment charges • 3. Can select Pres if no candidate receives majority of electoral vote

22. Senate 100 less formal and rigid rules acts more slowly larger constituencies more prestige unlimited debate two or more committee assignments

23. At least 30 yrs of age US citizen, 9 yrs Resident of State Serve six-year term

24. filibuster cloture

25. Preparations for a filibuster: • Sometimes cots are brought into the hallways or cloakrooms for senators to sleep on. • Filibusters were called: 'taking to the diaper,' a phrase that referred to the preparation undertaken by a prudent senator before an extended filibuster ... • Strom Thurmond visited a steam room before his filibuster in order to dehydrate himself so he could drink without urinating. An aide stood by in the cloakroom with a pail in case of emergency.

26. Special Powers of the Senate 1. Ratifies treaties negotiated by the President (by 2/3 vote) 2. Confirm or disapprove of Presidential appointments 3. Act as a jury in the impeachment process 4. Can select a VP if no candidate has majority of electoral vote

27. Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid - (D-Nev)

28. Chuck Schumer, D Hilllary Clinton, D

29. How Congress works: Committee System

30. Standing Committees of the Senate • Agriculture, Nutrition and Forestry • Appropriations • Armed Services • Banking, Housing and Urban Affairs • Budget • Commerce, Science, Transportation • Energy and Natural Resources • Environment and Public Works • Finance • Foreign Relations • Governmental Affairs • Health, Education, Labor and Pensions • Judiciary • Rules and Administration • Small Business and Administration • Veterans Affairs

31. How a Bill Becomes a Law An issue gets raised by • President • the people • a member of Congress • Passes through various committees • Must get approved by both House and Senate to go on for President’s signature

35. President can either: • sign a bill into law • veto it (not sign it)

36. Congress can: • Override a presidential veto with a 2/3 majority in both houses

37. Lobbying • To influence legislation • “Inside” by going to meetings, testifying in Congress, etc. • “outside” by media coverage, advertising, letter-writing campaigns, etc. • Often lobbyists are hired by agencies, corporations, etc. to encourage favorable legislation

38. Pork barrel • Congressional members introduce projects that will benefit their constituency by bringing money or jobs back

39. logrolling A practice common in the U.S. Congress and in many other legislative assemblies in which two (or more) legislators agree for each to trade his vote on one bill he cares little about in exchange for the other's vote on a bill that is personally much more important to him.

40. Amendments to Bills Senate: Riders Bill

41. House: Must be germane