The Health of the body depends on the health of its interdependent systems

1. The Health of the body depends on the health of its interdependent systems

2. How are body systems connected? Review: All cells of the body have the same basic need for energy, nutrients and oxygen to carry our their functions. All cells also need to remove wastes. Body systems work together to provide cells with what they need.

3. Energy: all cells need energy to carry out their life functions and food is the source of energy. When you eat your body breaks food down into nutrients, which include carbohydrates, fats and proteins. These all can be broken down into energy, but the main source for energy are carbohydrates, and we typically get carbohydrates in the form of sugar or glucose.

4. Cellular Respiration(not just breathing!)

5. Nose: Takes in oxygen rich air Windpipe: Directs oxygen-rich air to lungs. Lungs: Exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide, and remove carbon dioxide through the nose Respiratory System

6. Heart: pumps blood Veins: transports blood from body cells Arteries: transports blood to body cells Circulatory System

7. Mouth: grinds up food Esophagus: moves food to stomach Stomach: breaks down and churns food Small Intestine: breaks food down into nutrients so they can be absorbed Large intestine: processes solid waste material Anus: removes solid waste material Digestive System

8. Kidneys: filters blood to produce urine Ureters: transports urine Bladder: stores urine Urethra: Excretes urine Excretory System

9. Its all connected Activity Questions 1-4, page 441

10. Core Lab: 12-1B Perform Lab 12-1B found on page 442

11. Body Systems and Health Class Discussion: What helps our body to be healthy and what makes us unhealthy? Specifically, what will help certain body systems?

12. Body Systems and Health Review: All body systems work together. If one system is not functioning properly then the whole network of systems is disrupted. The same goes for maintaining the health of each body system ensures the health of the whole body. Diet, exercise and stress affect the health of body systems

13. Blood Pressure and the Health of the circulator system Heart Rate: A fast beating heart pushes blood quickly through the arteries, building up blood pressure.

14. Blood Pressure continued… Artery Size: Large, open arteries conduct larger volumes of blood, which produces low blood pressure Small , narrow or partly clogged arteries conduct smaller volumes of blood, which produces high blood pressure

15. Healthy vs. Unhealthy…you be the judge

16. Blood Pressure continued… Artery elasticity: Flexible arteries can expand easily, letting more blood flow through. Loss of elasticity results in “hardening of the arteries”, this conditions produces higher blood pressure. Blood Viscosity ( low ability to flow): The heart must work harder if blood viscosity id greater than normal, which can happen when the number of blood cells increases due to illness or injury.

17. Blood Pressure continued… Blood Volume: If a person looses lots of blood due to injury, their blood pressure will be low Note: the average adult has 5L of blood, that is about 8-9 coke bottles

18. Factors that affect blood pressure There are a variety of things that can affect blood pressure. Can you name 3 things that will negatively affect blood pressure? Here are 3 common factors Cigarette smoking High Fat diet Lack of regular exercise

19. Body Systems in Balance As your external environment (outside your body) changes around you, your internal environment (inside your body) is able to maintain proper internal conditions that your cells require, this balance is called homeostasis. All the body systems work together to achieve homeostasis.

20. What Affects Homeostasis There are two types of factors that effect homeostasis. Genetic Factors: There are things that you inherit from one or both parents Lifestyle Factors: These are factors that are within your control. (Eg. Exercise, diet, stress)

21. Diet and Nutrition, Exercise and Stress What effect do the above factors have on the reparatory, circulatory, muscular, digestive, excretory and nervous systems? Discuss and then complete activity

22. Activity Group Work: Learn about the four factors mentioned before. Present information on the four factors and the information that was found. Discuss the other factors that are listed on page 449.

23. What is healthy? Over the past few decades there has been lots of research on what is most healthy and many ideas have come and gone. Here are some examples: Butter vs. Margarine Fad Diets Limited number of heart beats in one life Do you know of any other “old” views of what is healthy?

25. Technology in support of Homeostasis Technology can be used to support or even replace the function of an organ or a body system.

26. A pacemaker, helps the heart to beat with a steady rhythm

27. An insulin pump is a device that is programmed to deliver a specific dose of insulin a specific times in the day.

28. The Jarvik-7 is an artificial heat, they are sometimes used because there are not enough donors of human hearts.

29. Kidney Dialysis is used when the kidney no longer function.

30. Class Discussion Group work! Within your group, answer the following questions. Make sure you select someone to: (1) Record (2) Keep track of time (3) Ask any questions that you have (4) Report back to the class

31. Questions Check your Understanding: Page: 457 Checking Concepts 1-6 Understanding Key Ideas 7-9

32. Quiz! Study for you quiz on Chapter 12!