Poetic

1. Poetic Rhythm & Rhyme Meter & Types Of Rhyme

2. Structure • Poetry is written in stanzas; stanzas are equivalent to paragraphs in an essay • Stanzas are named according to the number of lines they have. In an essay, a paragraph is named according to its order, and stanzas according to the number of lines

3. Stanzas Types of Stanzas • Couplet (2 lines) • Tercet (3 lines) • Quatrain (4 lines) • Cinquain (5 lines) • Sestet (6 lines) 

4. Within Structure… Within structure you have sound patterns • Rhyme Scheme • Rhythm, meter

5. Rhyme Scheme The ordered pattern of rhymes at the ends of the lines of a poem or verse. Bid me to weep, and I will weep A While I have eyes to see; B And having none, and yet I will keep A A heart to weep for thee. B Use letters to signify which end words rhyme to determine the scheme. This stanza uses an ABAB Rhyme Scheme

6. What’s the Rhyme Scheme? Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, ___ Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore— ___ While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, ___ As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. ___ “’Tis some visitor,” I muttered, “tapping at my chamber door— ___ Only this and nothing more.” ___

7. What’s the rhyme scheme? She walks in beauty, like the night __ Of cloudless climes and starry skies; __ And all that's best of dark and bright __ Meet in her aspect and her eyes: __ Thus mellowed to that tender light __ Which heaven to gaudy day denies. __

8. What’s the rhyme scheme? Nature's first green is gold, __ Her hardest hue to hold. __ Her early leaf's a flower; __ But only so an hour. __ Then leaf subsides to leaf. __ So Eden sank to grief, __ So dawn goes down to day. __ Nothing gold can stay. __

9. Poem Analysis • What is this poem about? What message does the author send? • What tone does the rhyme scheme create for the reader? (ex. sing-song, serious, romantic, suspenseful) • How does this rhyme scheme contribute to the meaning or message of the poem?

10. What’s the Rhyme Scheme? Oh, I can smile for you, and tilt my head, __ And drink your rushing words with eager lips, __ And paint my mouth for you a fragrant red, __ And trace your brows with tutored finger-tips. __ When you rehearse your list of loves to me, __ Oh, I can laugh and marvel, rapturous-eyed. __ And you laugh back, nor can you ever see __ The thousand little deaths my heart has died. __ And you believe, so well I know my part, __ That I am gay as morning, light as snow, __ And all the straining things within my heart __ You'll never know. __

11. Poem Analysis • What is this poem about? What message does the author send? • What tone does the rhyme scheme create for the reader? (ex. sing-song, serious, romantic, suspenseful) • How does this rhyme scheme contribute to the meaning or message of the poem?

12. Create a poem with a distinct pattern With your pair, create a poem with a distinct pattern. For example: AABB ABAB ABABC Refer to the poems on the previous slides.

13. Types of Rhyme • Exact • Near or half • Eye Rhyme • Internal Rhyme

14. Exact Rhyme Rhyme in which the final accented vowel and all succeeding consonants or syllables are identical, while the preceding consonants are different. For example, -great, late; -rider, beside her; -dutiful, unbeautiful.

15. Near or Half Rhyme A partial or imperfect rhyme. The vowel sounds in half rhymes are usually not identical. For Example: -Dry and Died -Grown and Moon

16. Eye Rhyme An eye rhyme, also called a visual rhyme or a sight rhyme, is a rhyme in which two words are spelled similarly but pronounced differently and have come into general use through ‘poetic license For Example: -Laughter and Slaughter -Mint and Pint -Cough and Through

17. Internal Rhyme Internal rhyme is rhyme which occurs within a single line of verse. Ah, distinctly I remember, it was in the bleak December While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping,

18. Annabel Lee • Read the poem and identify the Rhyme Scheme.

19. Quick Poem Analysis • Based on your initial understanding, what do you think this poem is about? • What tone does the rhyme scheme create? • How does the rhyme scheme contribute to the meaning of this poem?

20. Rhythm • Rhythm in poetry is determined by the stressed and unstressed lines of poetry that are present in a line. Here is an example: / = a stressed (or strong, or LOUD) syllable ~ = an unstressed (or weak, or quiet) syllable

21. Poetic Meter Meter is a word which describes the patterns of stressed and unstressed syllables in lines of poetic verse. You can hear meter if you listen to how your voice moves up and down when you read certain poems.

22. Poetic Meter English is a rhythmic language. The pitch in our voice is always going up and down depending on the words we use. / = Stressed syllable U = Unstressed syllable For example: / U U U / U U / Hello Celebration Unwell

23. Can You Hear It? Read the following and listen to how your voice moves up and down in patterns So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. Double, double, toil and trouble; Fire burn and cauldron bubble. Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary,

24. Basic Unit Of Meter • The basic unit of meter is called a foot. When you add them together, it creates a metrical foot! Below are some meter patterns you might come across in reading poetry.

25. You Try! • Try to write a couple of other examples for each meter that follow these patterns!

26. How Many Feet? • Labeling the type of meter used in a poem is based on how many feet are put together in one line 1 Foot - Monometer 2 Feet – Dimeter 3 Feet – Trimeter/Tercet 4 Feet – Tetrameter 5 Feet – Pentameter 6 Feet – Hexameter 7 Feet – Heptameter 8 Feet – Octameter U / U / U / U / U / But, soft! what light through yonder window breaks?  Iambic Pentameter

27. Iambic (U/) • A poem uses iambic meter when it follows an stressed/unstressed pattern. Example of Iambic Tetrameter and Trimeter: Because I could not stop for Death, He kindly stopped for me; The Carriage held but just Ourselves And Immortality. -Emily Dickinson

28. Iambic Tetrameter – Let’s do this together I wandered, lonely as a cloud That floats on high o’er dales and hills When, all at once, I saw a crowd A host of golden daffodils -Wordsworth What is the rhyme scheme? _____________ How many feet? ___________________

29. Iambic Tetrameter – Now you try Thereis a lady sweet and kind, Was never face so please my mind; I did but see her passing by, And yet I love her till I die. --Thomas Ford What is the rhyme scheme? _____________ How many feet? ________________

30. Iambic Pentameter

31. Other forms of Rhythm Repetition – repeating words, phrases or sounds for dramatic effect Alliteration – the repeating of the same or very similar consonant sounds usually at the beginning of words. Ex. Betty bakes banana bread Assonance – the repeating of similar vowel sounds (aeiou) followed by different consonant sounds in words that are close together Ex. An abbot or an ambling pad

32. Steps in Analyzing a Poem • Read and annotate the poem to determine the meaning. • Determine its message. What is the poem about? What’s the message? • Determine the Rhyme Scheme and write it on the poem. • Determine the Meter and feet. U/ = Iambic • Ask yourself: How does the rhyme scheme contribute to the poem’s message? • Ask yourself: How does the meter contribute to the poem’s message?

33. Writing the Paragraph • Sentence 1: What is this poem about? What is the message? The poem, ___, by ____ is about____. The primary message is that __. • Sentence 2: Describe the rhyme scheme of the poem. • Sentence 3: Explain how the rhyme scheme contributes to message of the poem. • Sentence 4: Describe the meter. • Sentence 5: Explain how the meter contributes to the message of the poem. • Sentence 6: Describe the repetition that occurs. • Sentence 7: Explain how the repetition contributes to the message of the poem.