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History 320 The European Reformation

History 320 The European Reformation. 500-word essay. Questions for Discussion. What is your historical question that helps us think about Chapter 2?

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History 320 The European Reformation

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  1. History 320The European Reformation

  2. 500-word essay

  3. Questions for Discussion • What is your historical question that helps us think about Chapter 2? • What was the most important thing you learned in this chapter? Did it confirm your earlier assumptions, or did it make you think differently about the background to the Reformation?

  4. Historical Questions • In what ways did the Reconquista affect Catholic belief in Spain? • Should historians look beyond key people to consider the general public in the expansion of Christendom / Reformation? • Did a lack of major non-Christian religions allow the Reformation to flourish in Northern Europe as distinct from Spain?

  5. Historical Questions • To what extent did Islamic military aggression affect the rise of Protestantism? • In what ways did Spain use Christianity to fulfill imperialistic desires? • Would the Reformation have happened without the technology of print?

  6. Questions for Discussion • Chapter 2 is entitled “Hopes and Fears, 1490-1517.” Pay attention to the concepts of hope and fear, optimism and pessimism, and related ideas as you read the chapter. Is this an appropriate title or just a catchy heading? What does MacCulloch want to tell us about the pre-Reformation world with this title?

  7. Questions for Discussion • What function does the opening section, “Shifting Boundaries,” have in the context of the entire chapter? • What is distinctive about Spanish Catholicism? • What effect did paper, printing, and humanism have on the religious culture of late medieval Europe?

  8. Some terms to know: • conversos, moriscos, Cardinal Ximénes, alumbrados, Patronato, Bartolomé de las Casas • humanism, ad fontes • Vulgate Bible, Complutensian Polyglot • scholasticism, Thomism • Fifth Lateran Council • prône, Guillaume Briçonnet • Savonarola • Erasmus.

  9. Hopes and Fears, 1490-1517 Shifting Boundaries The Iberian Exception The Iberian Achievement New Possibilities: Paper and Printing Humanism: A New World from Books Putting Renewal into Practice Reform or the Last Days? Erasmus: Hopes Fulfilled, Fears Stilled

  10. “Iberian Reformation before the Reformation” (60-61) • ethnic cleansing, Inquisition • New Christians: conversos, moriscos • Cardinal Francisco Ximénes de Cisneros (d. 1517) • Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) • Patronato

  11. Renaissance • printing • Latin and vernacular books • humanism: “a refocusing of old learning” (77) • patronage from the ecclesiastical establishment • ad fontes • biblical scholarship • Complutensian Polyglot • Greek New Testament (1516) • humanism and scholasticism

  12. Reform Efforts • Fifth Lateran Council (1512-1517) • monastic / mendicant reform • Egidio da Viterbo (1469-1532) • Guillaume de Briçonnet (1470-1534) • Girolamo Savonarola (1452-1498)

  13. Erasmus of Rotterdam (d. 1536) • biblical scholarship • satire • Reformation of Manners

  14. Footnotes / Bibliography: Monograph • Footnote: 1. Diarmaid MacCulloch, Reformation: Europe’s House Divided (London: Penguin, 2004), 36. • Bibliography: MacCulloch, Diarmaid. Reformation: Europe’s House Divided. London: Penguin, 2004.

  15. Footnotes / Bibliography: Journal Article • Footnote: 2. Geoffrey Parker, “Success and Failure during the First Century of the Reformation,” Past and Present 136 (1992): 46-47. • Bibliography: Parker, Geoffrey. “Success and Failure during the First Century of the Reformation.” Past and Present 136 (1992): 43-82.

  16. Bibliography: Alphabetical Order MacCulloch, Diarmaid. Reformation: Europe’s House Divided. London: Penguin, 2004. Parker, Geoffrey. “Success and Failure during the First Century of the Reformation.” Past and Present 136 (1992): 43-82.

  17. Leading Class Discussion

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