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Honors World History EUROPEAN HISTORY Lesson #3 Protestant (German) Reformation

Honors World History EUROPEAN HISTORY Lesson #3 Protestant (German) Reformation. Gutenberg: what’s important?. European inventor of the Printing Press. Printing Revolution Gutenberg Bible (1456) Impacted radical ideas and political stability Started the “education revolution”

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Honors World History EUROPEAN HISTORY Lesson #3 Protestant (German) Reformation

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  1. Honors World HistoryEUROPEAN HISTORYLesson #3Protestant (German) Reformation

  2. Gutenberg: what’s important? European inventor of the Printing Press • Printing Revolution • Gutenberg Bible (1456) • Impacted radical ideas and political stability • Started the “education revolution” • Start of a mass-media blitz which is more like twitter and FB today Click – 6m printing press Click – 3m History Channel

  3. Luther: what’s important? European religion had become oppressive • The church had been the all-powerful institution in the lives of all Europeans • It was trusted, and had a monopoly on spiritual trust • A monopoly on power leads to corruption in leadership • Luther became a priest at the height of that corruption. He struggled with some of the Church practices he saw as corrupt. One of them was the sale of indulgences. • The church had been raising $$ to pay for the new St. Peters • One of the ways was to sell INDULGENCES Johanne Tetzel – 3m

  4. Luther: what’s important? • Luther was not a normal priest. He came to the Church after getting caught in a storm, and praying to be saved; he made a deal with God, and stuck with it. • Once he swore his life to the Church, he refused to accept the corruption of the Church. • He went to Rome to see for himself. He was disgusted with what he saw. Luther in Rome • Luther came back and taught his classes about what he saw. • This got him into trouble. 3m– teaching

  5. Questions to Ponder • What should the Church do? • If they openly work on these issues, what did they just admit? • If they do that, what will happen? • If they do nothing, what will happen?

  6. Ninety Five Theses • Luther wrote to Albert of Mainz (1517) (the Church leader in Saxony) • His issue: Indulgences undermined the seriousness of penance and piety • Albert ignored Luther. So, Luther went public, and wrote 95 complaints about the sale of indulgences. • What happened next is locked in Lore • The story is that he nailed to the door of Wittenberg Cathedral • This makes for a cool story, but likely this was not real impactful • What DID get the information out was new technology… Play first half

  7. New teachers of Luther • Luther then became a prolific writer • The more he wrote, the more was printed • His writings were inflammatory, and caused a sensation across all of Saxony… all of the Empire • So, what was the likely result, as the Pope was needed $$ for St. Peters and for Italian wars? • Politics would now play a part • The Empire had a new young Emperor, who wanted to gain power by aligning with the Church • In opposition, the “electors” in the Empire challenged power of the • Electors saw Luther as their key to challenging authority of the Emperor Emperor Charles V Finish youtub clip now

  8. New ideas of Protestants: • You don’t need a priest to get your sins forgiven… JUSTIFICATION BY FAITH ALONE • You don’t need a priest to take communion • Priesthood of all believers • Bread and wine do not transform at communion: CONSTUBSTANCIATION • Priests can get married • Only two sacraments • ANABAPTISM ( a fringe idea) • Free Will (disputed by Calvin)

  9. Offshoot religions ROMAN CATHOLIC LUTHER GERMAN REFORMATION ENGLISH REFORMATION THE AMERICAN EPISCOPAL CHURCH CALVIN’S PREDESTINATION (CALVINISM) PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH THE AMISH BAPTISTS AND ANABAPTISTS

  10. John Greene’s version of the Reformation (15m) (go up to around 8m) Luther rap • Luther’s story: • Swore allegiance to the Church after nasty storm • Became a monk, then a priest, then a teacher • Visited Rome and saw the corruption, incl. indulgences • Wrote 95 Theses –published them on Printing Press • Started developing more new ideas, like getting to heaven “by faith alone” and “Priesthood of all believers” – started writing books; Printing Press impactful • Forced to the Imperial Diet (meeting) in Worms to be forced to “recant” his teachings • He refused – started a following that became a full revolution • Translated Bible in German – exposed the “Word of God” to all readers

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