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Bell Ringer

Bell Ringer. Discuss with a neighbor: What is the defining event of your life so far? (Consider: What day do you remember – where you were, what you were doing? Etc.). Pearl Harbor. The Attack: A Timeline of Events. December 6, 1941

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Bell Ringer

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  1. Bell Ringer • Discuss with a neighbor: • What is the defining event of your life so far? (Consider: What day do you remember – where you were, what you were doing? Etc.)

  2. Pearl Harbor

  3. The Attack: A Timeline of Events • December 6, 1941 • Washington D.C. - The president at the time, Franklin D. Roosevelt, makes one more request for peace to the Japanese. The United States gets no reply. Later on this day the code-breaking service for the U.S. begins to intercept a fourteen part message that was sent by the Japanese. The service deciphers the first thirteen parts and gives them to the President and Secretary of State. After decoding these parts the U.S. believes that a Japanese attack will occur. It is determined that it will probably be in Southeast Asia. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ • December 7, 1941 • Washington D.C. - The last part to be decoded arrives at Washington. At about 9:00 a.m. it is decoded. This states that all diplomatic relations with the United States are to be removed. After about another hour yet another Japanese message is intercepted. This message states that the attack is to begin at 1:00 p.m. This time in Pearl Harbor is early morning, the U.S. War Department realizes this and tries to get an alert to Pearl Harbor. Radio contact with Hawaii is broken and they are to forced to use a commercial telegraph. Delays in the delivery of the message cause it to be received at about noon Hawaii time. This is four hours after the attack has begun. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • Near Oahu (Hawaii) - The Japanese fleet commanded by Admiral Nagumo, which consists of six carriers with 423 planes, is about to attack. At about 6 a.m. the first wave of Japanese planes takes off from the carriers located 230 miles north of Oahu. The Japanese planes (183) heads toward Pearl Harbor.

  4. The Attack: A Timeline of Events • Pearl Harbor - At precisely 7:02 a.m. two army radar operators detects a large number of planes coming in. They contact a Junior Officer. Since they are expecting B-17 planes from the western continental U.S. they are told to ignore it and the Junior Officer disregards the report. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • Near Oahu (Hawaii) - At about 7:15 the second attack wave of 167 Japanese planes takes off from the carriers. They also head for Pearl Harbor. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • Pearl Harbor - At 7:53 a.m. the first Japanese wave arrives. It consists of 40 Kate torpedo bombers, 51 Val dive bombers, 43 Zero fighters, and 50 high level bombers. They start the attack, the United States is completely unprepared, the Anti-Aircraft guns are unmanned, and the torpedo nets are not deployed. The Japanese lose only 27 planes and five midget submarines. Eight American battleships are damaged, five are sunk. Luckily, the main targets, the U.S. aircraft carriers are not in port. Many are killed and wounded, 2,335 servicemen and 68 civilians are killed. There are 1,178 wounded. Almost half of the casualties came from the USS Arizona which had 1,104 killed when a air bomb that weighs about 1,760 pounds penetrates the ship and causes massive explosions. ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- • Washington D.C. - Delays cause Japanese diplomats to present their declaration of war to the United States after reports start coming in about the attack. The news of the attack removes almost all opposition in the U.S. to get into WWII. On December 8th – the United States declares war on Japan.

  5. The Attack: In Numbers • December 7th , 1941 (110m: 7:55am – 9:45am) • Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto initiated the attack • 1) Japan uses 6 carriers & 423 planes • 2) “Battleship Row” destroyed w/ almost 300 planes • 3) 2400+ killed, but no US carriers lost (they were out to sea) • 4) Japan loses only 29 planes and 65 Men • 5) no 2nd attack on repair yards & oil storage tanks

  6. Franklin Delano Roosevelt’s Response • “December 7th, 1941, a date which will live in infamy.” – FDR • December 8th: Congress approves declaration of war against Japan. • Three days later – Germany and Italy declare war against the United States.

  7. The Significance • Of all of the damage done at Pearl Harbor, perhaps the greatest was to the cause of Isolationism • “The only thing now to do, is to lick the hell out of them!” – Isolationist Senator Burton Wheeler.

  8. “Remember Pearl Harbor!” • “Remember Pearl Harbor!” becomes the rallying cry for the Americans throughout the rest of World War II.

  9. Pearl Harbor in Pictures • Pictures can speak louder than words and dictate the course that history takes….

  10. USS Arizona Memorial 2,887 Killed

  11. PERSONNEL KILLED Navy 2001 Marine Corps 109 Army 231 Civilian 54 PERSONNEL WOUNDED Navy 710 Marine Corps 69 Army 364 Civilian 35 SHIPS Sunk or beached 12 Damaged 9 AIRCRAFT Destroyed 164 Damaged 159 The “tears of the Arizona”

  12. History - in every century,records an act that lives forevermore.We'll recall - as in to line we fall,the thing that happened on Hawaii's shore. Let's REMEMBER PEARL HARBOR -As we go to meet the foe -Let's REMEMBER PEARL HARBORAs we did the Alamo. We will always remember -how they died for liberty,Let's REMEMBER PEARL HARBORand go on to victory.

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