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Future Circular Colliders (FCC) (and other relevant one)

Future Circular Colliders (FCC) (and other relevant one) FCC study page : https://espace2013.cern.ch/fcc/Pages/default.aspx FCC-ee page : http://cern.ch/FCC-ee FCC kick-off meeting : https://indico.cern.ch/event/282344/ R.B. Appleby University of Manchester / Cockcroft Institute

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Future Circular Colliders (FCC) (and other relevant one)

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  1. Future Circular Colliders (FCC) (and other relevant one) FCC study page : https://espace2013.cern.ch/fcc/Pages/default.aspx FCC-ee page : http://cern.ch/FCC-ee FCC kick-off meeting : https://indico.cern.ch/event/282344/ R.B. Appleby University of Manchester / Cockcroft Institute PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  2. Future Circular Collider Study - SCOPE CDR and cost review for the next ESU (2018) • FCC … an international collaboration to study: • pp-collider (FCC-hh)  defining infrastructure requirements • e+e- collider (FCC-ee) as potential intermediate step • p-e (FCC-he) option • 80-100 km infrastructure in Geneva area • Energy step ~ 7 (Tevatron -> LHC -> FCC) ~16 T  100 TeVpp in 100 km ~20 T  100 TeVpp in 80 km PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  3. FCC-hh : 100 TeV pp collider Geneva PS SPS LHC FCC-hh (baseline) 100 km, 16 T 100 TeV (c.m.) FCC-hh (alternative) 80 km, 20 T 100 TeV (c.m.) “HE-LHC” 27 km, 20 T 33 TeV (c.m.) LHC 27 km, 8.33 T 14 TeV (c.m.) PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014 Courtesy V. Shiltsev,

  4. CepC/SppC study, CepCCDR end of 2014, e+e- collisions ~2028; pp collisions ~2042 (announced Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, September 2012) Qinhuangdao (秦皇岛） CepC, SppC 50 km 70 km Yifang Wang

  5. CepC/SppC study, CepCCDR end of 2014, e+e- collisions ~2028; pp collisions ~2042 (announced Institute of High Energy Physics, Beijing, September 2012) Qinhuangdao (秦皇岛） CepC, SppC 50 km Statement in Feb 2014 at kick-off meeting by IHEP representative “a 50 to 70 km tunnel is very affordable in China now” 70 km Yifang Wang

  6. FCC-hh : opens three physics windows ➥ Access to new particles in the few TeV to 30 TeV mass range, beyond LHC reach ➥ Immense/much-increased rates for phenomena in the sub-TeV mass range → increased precision w.r.t. LHC ➥ Access to very rare processes in the sub-TeV mass range → search for phenomena invisible at the LHC PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  7. Hadron collider FCC-hh parameters See FCC-ACC-SPC-0001 (red = key, bold=challenge blue=special note) • PRELIMINARY • Energy 100 TeVc.m. • Injection energy 3.3 TeV (LHC 450 GeV) (what magnets/tunnel?) • Dipole field ~ 16 T (design limit) [20 T option] • Circumference ~ 100 km (option 80km) • Straight sections 12 (LHC 8) [expts, collimation, inj/exrt, RF..) • #IPs 2 main (tune shift) • Beam-beam tune shift 0.01 (total over 2 IRs) • Bunch spacing 25 ns [5 ns option] • Bunch population 1x1011 p (LHC 1.15x1011) • #bunches 10600 (25ns) 53000 (5ns) (LHC 2808) • Stored beam energy 8.2 GJ/beam • Emittance normalised 2.15x10-6m, normalised • Peak luminosity5 (to 10)x1034 cm-2s-1 • Peak inelastic events/BX 171 (25 ns) 34 (5ns) (LHC 27) • b* 1.1 m [scaled by root(E) to use LHC optics)] (LHC 0.55m) • RMS spot size 6.8 um (LHC 16.7 um) • Synchrotron radiation arc 26 W/m/aperture (filling fact. 78% in arc) • Synchrotron radiation per ring 2.4 MW • Crossing angle 74 urad (12 sigma) PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  8. Lepton collider FCC-hh parameters See FCC-ACC-SPC-0004 • Design choice: max. synchrotron radiation power set to 50 MW/beam • Defines the max. beam current at each energy. (SR \propto E^4, so current drops by E^4) • 4 physics working points • Optimization at each energy (bunch number & current, emittance, etc). • Luminosity lifetime dominated by burn-off of beam • Note : For H and ttbar working points (higher energy) the beam lifetime of ~few minutes is dominated by Beamstrahlung (momentum acceptance of 2%). Fundamental limit PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  9. FCC Kick-off Meeting Geneva http://indico.cern.ch/e/fcc-kickoff PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  10. FCC Kick-off Meeting Geneva http://indico.cern.ch/e/fcc-kickoff PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  11. FCC Kick-off participants 341 registered participants - geographical distribution Europe (284) Austria: 1 CERN: 140 Czech Republic: 2 Denmark: 1 France: 30 Germany: 14 Greece: 1 Hungary: 2 Italy: 20 Poland: 6 Portugal: 2 Russia: 8 Americas (37) Canada: 1 Mexico: 2 US: 34 Asia (19) China: 9 Japan: 9 Republic of Korea: 1 Africa (1) South Africa: 1 Serbia: 1 Spain: 11 Sweden: 1 Switzerland: 19 (w/o CERN) UK: 25 Well-balanced world-wide attendance, 7% from UK PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  12. Steps taken since w/s • Establish an international collaboration • Following very positive reactions and the enthusiasm during the Kick-off meeting: • Invitations to institutes to join collaboration • Work breakdown structure defined • (machine, detector, physics) • Collected expressions of interest at end of May 2014, to form nucleus of collaboration by September 2014 • First international collaboration board meeting 9-10 September at CERN expressions of interest (EOI) kick-off event proposed 1st ICB meeting discussions iterations March April May June July August September 2014 PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  13. European design study Horizon2020 call – design study : EuroCirCol submission 28.08.2014 (deadline 02.09.2014). Focused on machine (but study for CDR is broader, with physics, experiments) • Goals of EU DS: conceptual design, prototypes, cost estimates, … • From FP7 HiLumi LHC DS  positive experience: • 5-6 work packages as sub-set of FCC study  Call limited to 3 MEURO EU • ~10 beneficiaries (signatories of the contract with EC) Time line complete draft proposal, end of June input from interested partners, end of May submission of EU FCC DS proposal, 2 Sept. iteration, agreements, signatures kick-off event discussions March April May June July August September 2014 PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  14. DS structure (evolving) • WP1: Management, Coordination, Implementation & Costing • Coordination & Outreach • Realization aspects • WP4: High-field Accelerator Magnet Design FCC-hh • Magnet design • Field quality evaluation and comparison • Field optimisation for DA maximum • WP2: Interaction region design FCC-hh • IR and final focus design • MDI • Shielding and FF quad protection • Beam parameters • Collimation requirements • Beam-beam • WP5: Beam pipe design FCC-hh • Vacuum design • Beam screen optimisation • Beam screen coating • Cryogenics integration • Prototype production • Performance measurements • WP3: Arc design FCC-hh • Arc lattice design • Dynamic aperture evaluation • Impedance calculations and instabilities • SR: photo-electrons and e-cloud effect • Aperture and field quality specifications WP6: IR&beam-beam FCC-ee italics: optional inclusion in H2020 WP 5 PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  15. UK EuroCirCol participation • WP1: Management, Coordination, Implementation & Costing • Coordination & Outreach • Realization aspects • WP4: High-field Accelerator Magnet Design FCC-hh • Magnet design • Field quality evaluation and comparison • Field optimisation for DA maximum CI-LIV • WP2: Interaction region design FCC-hh • IR and final focus design • MDI • Shielding and FF quad protection • Beam parameters • Collimation requirements • Beam-beam CI-MAN JAI • WP5: Beam pipe design FCC-hh • Vacuum design • Beam screen optimisation • Beam screen coating • Cryogenics integration • Prototype production • Performance measurements STFC/ASTEC • WP3: Arc design FCC-hh • Arc lattice design • Dynamic aperture evaluation • Impedance calculations and instabilities • SR: photo-electrons and e-cloud effect • Aperture and field quality specifications WP6: IR&beam-beam FCC-ee Expect several FTEs of effort across the UK, with around 50% co-funded from Europe Contact me (CI) or Andrei Seryi (JAI) for info PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  16. Study timeline Study plan, scope definition Explore options “weak interaction” Workshop & Review: identification of baseline conceptual study of baseline “strong interact.” Workshop & Review, cost model, LHC results  studyre-scoping? Elaboration, consolidation Workshop & Review  contents of CDR Report Release CDR PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  17. Study timeline Study plan, scope definition Explore options “weak interaction” Workshop & Review: identification of baseline conceptual study of baseline “strong interact.” • Explore options, now – spring 2015: • Investigate different options in all technical areas • Deliverables: description and comparison of options with relative merits/cost, Develop schedules, understand relative impact of options on overall schedule (physics operation time, machine installation time, etc.) • FCC workshop to converge to common baseline with small number of options • Proposed WS date 23 – 27 March 2015 • Followed by review ~2 months later, begin June 2015 Workshop & Review, cost model, LHC results  studyre-scoping? Elaboration, consolidation Workshop & Review  contents of CDR Report Release CDR PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  18. FCC timeline CDR and Cost Review 2018 ESU today Project Kick-off meeting: 11th Nov. 2013 (CI/Daresbury) FCC Kick-off meeting 12th -14th Feb. 2014 (Geneva) CDR and Cost Review 2018 Study • LHC and HL-LHC operation until ~2035 • Must start now developing FCC concepts to be ready in time PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  19. Detector and physics : ee Experimental and phenomenological studies coordinated by Alain Blondel and Patrick Janot, with 11 working groups. Conveners appointed and beginning to be active. Full details at http://cern.ch/FCC-ee A series of physics workshops (7 since 2011) have developed the concepts. The most recent was in June at CERN http://indico.cern.ch/event/313708/ Several ILD members have suggested using ILD as the benchmark detector but negotiations with ILD have not started. Also developing collaboration with the CLIC detector group PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  20. Detector and physics : hh The hh detector is also part of the design study, but will not be funded in the European project (to focus on machine at this stage) Recent workshop http://indico.cern.ch/event/304759/other-view?view=standard A working group structure has now been defined e.g. Higgs, BSM, calorimetry, with a more detailed structure after the summer. Will heavily draw from the LHC GPD design, structure and people (Thanks to Fabiola Gianotti for latest info last week!) PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  21. Outlook • There are strongly rising activities in energy-frontier circular colliders worldwide. CERN is setting-up an international study for the design of Future Circular Colliders (FCC). • Worldwide collaboration in all areas, i.e. physics, experiments and accelerators will be important for the field of HE physics in general and to reach the demanding goal of a CDR by 2018. • Many challenges to be faced, including for the machine (but not only) • Magnet strength (and many dipoles needed!) • Design of arc cell (drives costs) • Synchrotron radiation : heating of machine • Work in many areas has started, over the coming months a global collaboration will be formed. First collaboration board meeting 9/10 September 2014. • The UK (CI, JAI) is a high profile participant in the European design study for the machine (principally MDI, vacuum) • Detector (hh and ee) working groups starting to be formed, and conveners appointed in the various areas. PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  22. CI SAC 4-6 November 2013

  23. CI SAC 4-6 November 2013

  24. Collider energy, year-on-year pp Ecm=2ec Br hadron-lepton factor 10 every 20-30 years ep factor 10 every 10 years FCC-he LHeC e+e- factor 105-107 in e+e- luminosity PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014 Courtesy V. Shiltsev,

  25. Summary: European Strategy Update 2013 Design studies and R&D at the energy frontier ….“to propose an ambitious post-LHC accelerator project at CERN by the time of the next Strategy update”: d) CERN should undertake design studies for accelerator projects in a global context, • with emphasis on proton-proton and electron-positron high-energy frontier machines. • These design studies should be coupled to a vigorous accelerator R&D programme, including high-field magnets and high-gradient accelerating structures, • in collaboration with national institutes, laboratories and universities worldwide. • http://cds.cern.ch/record/1567258/files/esc-e-106.pdf PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  26. From M. Mangano June 2014 CI SAC 4-6 November 2013

  27. FCC-he: high-energy lepton-hadron collider LHeC CDR , published in 2012 RR LHeC: new ring in LHC tunnel, with bypasses around experiments LR LHeC: recirculating linac with energy recovery

  28. FCC-he: high-energy lepton-hadron collider LHeC CDR , published in 2012 RR LHeC: new ring in LHC tunnel, with bypasses around experiments LR LHeC: recirculating linac with energy recovery similar two options for FCC: (1) FCC-ee ring, (2) ERL – from LHeC or new PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

  29. FCC-he – 2nd option: based on LHeC FCC J. Osborne

  30. FCC-he – 2nd option: based on LHeC FCC LHeC ERL design compatible with ep collisions at both LHC and FCC J. Osborne

  31. FCC MoU Collaboration based on general MoU and specific addenda: PPAP community meeting 21-22 July 2014

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