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Protein Synthesis. One Gene – One Enzyme. Protein Synthesis. Protein Synthesis. Protein Synthesis. Protein Synthesis. Protein Synthesis. Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus. Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome. Protein Synthesis. Triplets (Codons).
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Transcription DNA mRNA Occurs in the nucleus Translation mRNA tRNA AA Occurs at the ribosome Protein Synthesis
Initiation • Promoter • TATA Box • Initiation Site • Transcription factor • RNA Polymerase • AUG
Elongation • RNA Polymerase • Adds nucleotides to the 3’ end
Termination • Proceeds until RNA polymerase transcribes a terminator sequence • UAA • UAG • UGA
RNA Processing • 5’ guanine cap • 3” Poly (A) tail
RNA Splicing • Introns • Exons
Spliceosomes • snRNPs • Small nuclear ribonucleoproteins
Introns???? • Regulation • One gene can code for alternate polypeptides • Evolution • Domains – structural and functional regions
Ribosomes • Small subunit • Large subunit • P site (peptidyl-tRNA) • A site (Aminoacyl-tRNA) • E site (Exit site)
Point Mutation • Base Pair Insertion or Deletion • Frameshift • Missense – new AA • Nonsense – stop
Point Mutation • Base Pair Substitution