ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN STREETLIGHTING & TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE

1. ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN STREETLIGHTING & TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE Picture courtesy of www.wurli.com

2. CONTENTS • ENERGY EFFICIENCY • Street lighting • Traffic signals • Christmas lighting • General outdoor lighting • Parking meters • PROJECT DEVELOPMENT

3. LIGHT POLLUTION 1908 1988 2002 Los Angeles picture courtesy Optimon

4. LIGHT POLLUTION • Not really dark during the night • insects attracted by typical illuminants • www.darksky.org

5. BASICS Beam[lm] Luminous intensitiy[cd] Luminositiy[lx = lm/m²] Brightness[cd/m²]

6. 300 Lux 10.000 Lux 2.500 Lux 6.000 Lux 100.000 Lux

7. STREETLIGHTING Measures • Operating hours • Power • Light source • Fixture • Control system Erasmus-bridge, Rotterdam,picture courtesy FGL, www.licht.de

8. Total cost Total cost of a typical installation, 25 years maintenance energy investment after installation 85% Investment 15%

9. Light sources • Light bulb • Flourescent tube • Sodium high pressure • Sodium low pressure • Mercury high pressure • Metal halide picture courtesy Optimon

10. Luminaire, fixture • Material of body • reflector technology • Sealing technology • lamp simple to change pictures courtesy Optimon

11. digital control system • Individual lamp control • Online failure dedection of all components • 3 main elements • Lamp module • CPU in switchboard • PC-software • Data transfer via GSM picture courtesy www.tekkto.com

12. Example- Graz electricity costs 1,1 Mio Euro 4200 operating hours reduction of 10 minutes a day -> -1,5% energy costs replacement of 720 luminaires -> - 530.000 kWh per year or 58% picture courtesy www.energie-graz.at

13. TRAFFIC SIGNALS incandescent lamp 75W mass replacement 2x/year LED 10W replacement every two years reduction of electricity costs -50% reduction of maintenance costs - 30% Picture courtesy www.royersignal.de

14. Example- Stockholm 530 signal control points investment 6 Mio Euro electricity savings -> 471.000 Euro/ year maintenance savings -> 243.000 Euro/ year picture courtesy www.fet.uni-hannover.de

15. GENERAL OUTDOOR LIGHTING • Promenades • Buildings • Sights • Bicycle paths • Sports fields Picture courtesy FGL www.licht.de

16. Example- Solar lighting • no grid interconnection necessary • ideally suited for solitary applications • always enough daylight to charge batteries • Total cost 5.600 Euro • Immediate saving 3.900 Euro (distance to grid 150m) Picture courtesy www.ecolights.at

17. CHRISTMAS LIGHTING • LED lights offer significant energy savings • investment costs are high • life cycle costs to be calculated individually • affects the expected traditional appearence -> a matter of taste Picture courtesy www.energie-graz.at

18. Example- Graz maintenance 130.000 Euro/ year energy consumption 93.000 kWh 400 operating hours reducing 2 hours/ day -> -3.000 Euro public christmas tree with LEDs -> -80% or 2.200 kWh Picture courtesy www.energie-graz.at

19. PARKING METERS • Solar powered meters • no grid interconnection necessary • panels can be in total shadow • operates with a 12 V battery • typical consumption (100 tickets a day) -> 2 kWh/ year Picture courtesy www.gesig.at

20. Example- Erlangen 70 solar powered parking meters connected to center via GSM savings result from eliminating the costs for grid interconnection Picture courtesy www.versorgungsbetriebe.de

21. PROJECT DEVELOPMENT • Barriers • Specific features • Implementation • Financing

22. Barriers • Complex matter • Little information • Vast range of products • Single measures without integral concept • Many regulation, legal requirements • Restricted funding possibilities

23. Implementation • check of energy bills and maintenance costs • survey of existing equipment • Financial model • Presentation of analysis to municipality • Development of an integral long term concept • Project planning and tendering • Monitoring of savings • Documentation

24. Financing • dependent on monetary situation of the municipality • different possibilities • Cash settlement • Leasing • Contracting • main argument is indebtedness of municipalities/ Maastricht-criteria

25. Leasing • No initial investment • Quick cash by means of „sale and lease back“ • No contribution to Maastricht- limit • Agreements are expensive • Suited for bigger investments • No outsourcing of maintenance, risk,… • No guaranteed savings

26. Third party financing • No or little investment necessary • Measures and installations are paid for by savings • No contribution to Maastricht- limit • Guaranteed savings • Outsourcing of design, implementation, maintenance, risk • suitable for projects with highly energy efficient measures

27. Thank you for your attention! Picture courtesy www.energie-graz.at