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The Old Kingdom: Pharaohs, Social Hierarchy, and Daily Life

Explore the ancient Egyptian society of the Old Kingdom, where pharaohs ruled as gods and the social pyramid determined people's roles. Discover the importance of family life and the various jobs available, including the highly respected position of a scribe. Learn about the privileges and responsibilities that came with different occupations.

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The Old Kingdom: Pharaohs, Social Hierarchy, and Daily Life

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  1. The Old Kingdom, Social Pyramid, & Daily Life (p. 93-94 & 104-106) I. Early Pharaohs   A. The Old Kingdom: Egyptians developed a system based on the belief that the pharaoh was both a king and a god. 1. Most famous pharaoh of the Old Kingdom was Khufu B. The pharaoh’s status had many responsibilities 1. People blamed the pharaoh if crops did not grow well or disease struck.

  2. II. Social Pyramid A. As the population grew, the society became more complex B. There were many different kinds of jobs. 1. Pharaohs: ruled Egypt as gods. 2. Nobles: helped run the government. 3. Scribes (writers): kept records and accounts for the state; wrote and copied religious and literary texts.

  3. 4. Artisans, Artists, and Architects: required advanced skills 5. Merchants and Traders:bought and sold goods 6. Soldiers: offered soldiers the chance to rise in social status and receive land as payment. 7. Farmers and Other Peasants:this group made up the majority of people.

  4. III. Daily Life A. Family life was very important and most Egyptians lived in their own homes. B. Women had many legal rights, including owning property, making contracts, and divorcing their husbands.

  5. Practice Paragraph • If you could have any job in Ancient Egypt, what job would you choose? Explain. You may not choose pharaoh or noble.8+ Sentences • Use facts from notes & P. 104-105 to explain your choice.

  6. Ch. 4 Paragraph Example If I could choose any job to have in Egypt, I would choose to be a scribe. First, I would be a scribe because they were highly honored citizens of Egypt. Since they were so respected, they did not have to pay taxes. Secondly, scribes worked for the government and the temples. They kept records and accounts for the states. Lastly, scribes wrote and copied religious and literary texts. These sometimes included poems and stories. Scribes were important people in Egypt, and I think being a scribe would be rewarding.

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