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Lipids!

Lipids!. Examples fats oils waxes hormones sex hormones testosterone (male) estrogen (female). Examples. Function: 1. energy storage (in C-H bond) very concentrated twice the energy as carbohydrates 2. cell membrane 3. cushions organs 4. insulates body

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Lipids!

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  1. Lipids!

  2. Examples • fats • oils • waxes • hormones • sex hormones • testosterone (male) • estrogen (female) Examples

  3. Function: 1. energy storage(in C-H bond) • very concentrated • twice the energy as carbohydrates 2. cell membrane 3. cushions organs 4. insulates body • think whale blubber Lipids: the concentrated energy molecule

  4. Structure: composed of C, H, O • long hydrocarbon chains (H-C) • “Family groups” • fats • phospholipids • steroids • Lipids ≠ Polymers • BIG molecules of smaller subunits;NOT a continuing chain A little more on lipids…

  5. enzyme H2O Structure:glycerol (3C alcohol) +fatty acid **fatty acid = long HC “tail” & carboxyl (COOH) “head”** 1. Fats

  6. Building Fats C – O – C bond = Ester Linkage via dehydration synthesis Triglycerides – 3 fatty acids + glycerol Example: Triacylglycerol

  7. Saturated vs. Unsaturated Fats Saturated ALL carbons bonded to 4 atoms Unsaturated Carbons NOT bonded 4 atoms Single bonds Double bonds Straight chain Kinks

  8. Saturated Unsaturated 

  9. 2. Phospholipids Amphipathic -fats with polar and nonpolar regions “attracted to water” Structure: glycerol + 2 fatty acids + PO4 ** PO4= negatively charged ** Review: tail – polar/nonpolar? PO4 – polar/nonpolar? “repelled by water”

  10. Significance of phospholipids In water: can self-assemble into “bubbles” (micelles) form phospholipidbilayer cell evolution! creates barrier → form cell membranes!

  11. 3. Steroids cholesterol Structure: 4 fused C rings + functional groups ** different structure = ? ** Examples: cholesterol, sex hormones

  12. Role of Cholesterol Component in animalcell membranes Precursor to other steroids (Ex: sex hormones)

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