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Mycobacterium

Mycobacterium. Important Human Pathogens. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium leprae (uncommon) Mycobacterium avium-intracellulaire Complex (MAC) or (M. avium). Mycolic acids. Lipid-Rich Cell Wall of Mycobacterium. CMN Group: Unusual cell wall lipids (mycolic acids,etc.).

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Mycobacterium

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  1. Mycobacterium

  2. Important Human Pathogens Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium leprae (uncommon) Mycobacterium avium-intracellulaire Complex (MAC) or (M. avium)

  3. Mycolic acids Lipid-Rich Cell Wall of Mycobacterium CMN Group: Unusual cell wall lipids (mycolic acids,etc.) (Purified Protein Derivative)

  4. Acid-Fast (Kinyoun) Stain of Mycobacterium NOTE: cord growth (serpentine arrangement)of virulent strains

  5. Photochromogenic Mycobacterium kansasii on Middlebrook Agar • NOTE: Mycobacteria pathogenic for humans can be differentiated (Runyon Groups) by: • speed of growth (all are slower than most other pathogens) and by • production of chromogenic pigments (in light, in dark, or none)

  6. Improved Mycobacterial Isolation Medium

  7. Eight Week Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on Lowenstein-Jensen Agar

  8. Pathogenic Mycobacterium spp. BCG AIDS patients

  9. Mycobacterial Clinical Syndromes

  10. Diagram of a Granuloma NOTE:ultimately a fibrin layer develops around granuloma (fibrosis), further “walling off” the lesion. Typical progression in pulmonary TB involves caseation, calcification and cavity formation.

  11. Laboratory Diagnosis of Mycobacterial Disease Nucleic acid probes Nucleic acid sequencing

  12. Differential Characteristics of Commonly Isolated Mycobacterium spp.

  13. Mycobacterium tuberculosis

  14. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections

  15. Incidence of Tuberculosis in USA

  16. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections(cont.) Positive PPD + Chest X-Ray + MDR-TB a serious global health threat BCG(bacille Calmette-Guerin) = attenuated M. bovis

  17. Typical Progression of Pulmonary Tuberculosis • Pneumonia • Granuloma formation with fibrosis • Caseous necrosis • Tissue becomes dry & amorphous (resembling cheese) • Mixture of protein & fat (assimilated very slowly) • Calcification • Ca++ salts deposited • Cavity formation • Center liquefies & empties into bronchi

  18. PPD Tuberculosis Skin Test Criteria PPD = Purified Protein Derivative from M. tuberculosis

  19. Chest X-Ray of Patient with Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis

  20. Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Stained with Fluorescent Dye

  21. Mycobacterium leprae

  22. Mycobacterium leprae Infections

  23. Mycobacterium leprae Infections (cont.)

  24. Tuberculoid vs. Lepromatous Leprosy Clinical Manifestations and Immunogenicity

  25. Lepromatous vs. Tuberculoid Leprosy

  26. Lepromatous Leprosy (Early/Late Stages)

  27. Lepromatous Leprosy Pre- and Post-Treatment

  28. Clinical Progression of Leprosy

  29. Effect of Cell-Mediated Immunity on Leprosy Clinical Outcome

  30. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulaire Complex (MAC)

  31. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulaire Infections

  32. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulaire Infections

  33. M. avium-intracellulaire Complex (MAC) Progression vs. CD4 Count in AIDS Patients

  34. Mycobacterium avium-intracellulaire in Tissue Specimens High Magnification Low Magnification

  35. REVIEW of Mycobacterium

  36. Important Human Pathogens Mycobacterium tuberculosis Mycobacterium leprae (uncommon) Mycobacterium avium-intracellulaire Complex (MAC) or (M. avium) REVIEW

  37. Mycolic acids Lipid-Rich Cell Wall of Mycobacterium CMN Group: Unusual cell wall lipids (mycolic acids,etc.) (Purified Protein Derivative) REVIEW

  38. Pathogenic Mycobacterium spp. BCG AIDS patients REVIEW

  39. Mycobacterial Clinical Syndromes REVIEW

  40. Diagram of a Granuloma NOTE:ultimately a fibrin layer develops around granuloma (fibrosis), further “walling off” the lesion. Typical progression in pulmonary TB involves caseation, calcification and cavity formation. REVIEW

  41. Review of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

  42. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections REVIEW

  43. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infections(cont.) Positive PPD + Chest X-Ray + MDR-TB a serious global health threat BCG(bacille Calmette-Guerin) = attenuated M. bovis REVIEW

  44. Typical Progression of Pulmonary Tuberculosis • Pneumonia • Granuloma formation with fibrosis • Caseous necrosis • Tissue becomes dry & amorphous (resembling cheese) • Mixture of protein & fat (assimilated very slowly) • Calcification • Ca++ salts deposited • Cavity formation • Center liquefies & empties into bronchi REVIEW

  45. Review of Mycobacterium leprae

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