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Bird Migration in Northwest Ohio. Why do birds migrate?. Lack of adequate food sources In particular, insect-eating birds Climate/weather Ice cover on lakes Waterbirds are forced to move south. Warbler and food. Other migratory animals. Mammals. Insects. North American Flyways.
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Why do birds migrate? • Lack of adequate food sources • In particular, insect-eating birds • Climate/weather • Ice cover on lakes • Waterbirds are forced to move south
Other migratory animals Mammals Insects
Timing of migration Spring Fall • Jan-Feb – waterfowl • Mar-Apr – hawks, sparrows, blackbirds • May-Jun – songbirds (warblers, vireos, thrushes, flycatchers, etc.), shorebirds • *The greatest species diversity is in May • Jul-Oct – shorebirds • Sep – songbirds • Oct-Nov – hawks, sparrows, blackbirds • Nov-Dec - waterfowl
Factors influencing local migration • Weather – wind direction, thermals • A “wave” of birds can occur with proper conditions • Hormones • Day length • Geography • Lake Erie acts as a barrier to migration • Maumee River – a habitat corridor
Weather Wind direction Effects of thermals – a kettle of hawks
American Golden-Plover Nest on the Arctic tundra and winter in southern Argentina; they travel a round trip distance of some 15,000 miles
Blackpoll Warbler Blackpoll warblers nest in the spruce forests of Canada and Alaska and migrate to South America for the winter; part of their migration is non-stop for ~2500 -3000 miles!
Nocturnal Migrants • Many songbirds migrate at night including thrushes, warblers, sparrows, tanagers, flycatchers, orioles, wren, etc. • Safety and opportunities to feed during the day
Diurnal Migrants • Other birds migrate during daylight hours including ducks, shorebirds, hawks, swallows, gulls, etc.
Habitat Use Large Scale Small scale
Stopover Sites Refueling, resting
Important Local Areas • Wood County areas • County parks (e.g. Baldwin Woods) • BG parks (e.g. Wintergarden) • Maumee River corridor • Oak Openings Region • Western Lake Erie Marshes • Magee Marsh • Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge • Metzger Marsh • Maumee Bay State Park