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Learn how to graph and identify polar equations by converting to rectangular coordinates, testing for symmetry, and plotting points. Understand the characteristics of polar equations and different symmetries. Explore circles and lines in both polar and rectangular coordinates.
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Sullivan Algebra and Trigonometry: Section 10.2 • Objectives of this Section • Graph and Identify Polar Equations by Converting to Rectangular Coordinates • Test Polar Equations for Symmetry • Graph Polar Equations by Plotting Points
An equation whose variables are polar coordinates is called a polar equation. The graph of a polar equation consists of all points whose polar coordinates satisfy the equation.
Identify and graph the equation: r = 2 Circle with center at the pole and radius 2.
Let a be a nonzero real number, the graph of the equation is a horizontal line a units above the pole if a> 0 and units below the pole if a< 0.
Let a be a nonzero real number, the graph of the equation is a vertical line a units to the right of the pole if a> 0 and units to the left of the pole if a< 0.
Let a be a positive real number. Then, Circle: radius a; center at (0, a) in rectangular coordinates. Circle: radius a; center at (0, -a) in rectangular coordinates.
Let a be a positive real number. Then, Circle: radius a; center at (a, 0) in rectangular coordinates. Circle: radius a; center at (-a, 0) in rectangular coordinates.
Tests for Symmetry Symmetry with Respect to the Polar Axis (x-axis):
Tests for Symmetry Symmetry with Respect to the Line (y-axis):
Tests for Symmetry Symmetry with Respect to the Pole (Origin):