Chapter 14: Stress and Health

1. Chapter 14: Stress and Health

7. 1. Whether we experience stress depends upon: A) the situation. B) how life threatening it is. C) our cognitive appraisal. D) whether or not others are involved.

8. 2. The two-track stress response system involves the cerebral cortex and the _____. A) sympathetic nervous system B) peripheral nervous system C) heart and lungs D) corpus collosum

9. 3. According to Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome, we are most likely to become ill as the result of stress during the ___ phase. A) alarm B) resistance C) exhaustion D) recovery

10. 4. Stress is related to the leading cause of death in the U.S., which is: A) cancer. B) coronary heart disease. C) suicide. D) stroke.

11. Research suggests that those with Type A personality could reduce their risk of heart disease if they would: A) drink more alcohol. B) sleep more. C) let their anger out on a punching bag. D) let go of their anger.

12. 6. A psychophysiological illness is: A) when a person is “faking” an illness. B) a genuine illness caused by stress. C) an illness that is simply “imagined”. D) when a biological cause results in mental illness.

13. 7. With regards to the relation of stress to illness: A) too much stress can make us physically sick. B) sickness is just a matter of how strong or weak the person is. C) stress can weaken our immune system, making us more vulnerable to disease. D) stress has to be life-threatening to be of any real impact to us.

14. 8. Ader and Cohen (1985) performed an experiment with rats that demonstrated: A) rats who were shocked had an increased risk of cancer. B) cancer would spread faster under stress. C) the immune system can be conditioned to respond to a placebo. D) rats would develop “Type A” personalities under stress.

15. 9. Besides the lymphocytes, our immune systems release ___, called the “big eaters”, to ingest foreign invaders. A) macrophages B) white blood cells C) red blood cells D) stress hormones

16. 10. After the hurricane hit, those in the community helped each other clear the wreckage. This behavior demonstrates: A) optimistic style. B) tending and befriending. C) emotion-focused coping. D) problem-focused coping.

17. 11. Being a pessimist: A) can increase your level of stress. B) can shorten your life. C) can raise your blood pressure. D) all of the above.

18. 12. Mary has been suffering from the “blues”. Your recommendation is that she first try: A) electric shock. B) aerobic exercise. C) Prozac. D) psychoanalysis.

19. 13. With regards to the effectiveness of biofeedback: A) biofeedback is the most effective method for alleviating stress-related illnesses. B) biofeedback is as effective as relaxation. C) biofeedback is ineffective for alleviating stress. D) biofeedback is a modern “Snake Oil” and only works because of a placebo effect.

20. 14. When alternative medicine approaches, such as acupuncture, are scientifically tested, results: A) are never as good as they promise. B) can be quite convincing. C) are explained as placebo effects. D) cannot be replicated in the laboratory.

21. 15. Regular religious attendance is a positive predictor of a longer life span. Researchers have identified three factors that explain this, including all of the following, except: A) healthier life styles. B) social support networks. C) relaxed meditative style. D) faith healing.

22. 16. Eliminate this as one of your habits and you will increase your life expectancy better than any other preventive measure. A) smoking B) drinking C) inactivity D) losing your temper

23. 17. Most smokers began ___ and were influenced by ___. A) in their early 20’s; parents B) in their teens; friends and movie idols C) in their late 20’s; peers D) in their teens; parents

24. 18. The addictive ingredient in cigarettes is nicotine and it is: A) more addictive than cocaine but less addictive than heroin. B) more addictive than heroin and cocaine. C) addictive, but not as much as heroin or cocaine. D) not addictive if someone really wants to quit.

25. 19. James, a regular smoker, hasn’t had a cigarette for a while. He is irritable, has difficulty sleeping, and anxiety, all signs of: A) high levels of nicotine. B) increased drug tolerance. C) nicotine withdrawal. D) resentment at being pressured to quit.

26. 20. Lou is more likely to be a cigarette smoker if he: A) is from the United States. B) is less educated. C) is wealthy. D) is educated early as to its harmful effects.

27. 21. Your BMI is a ratio of your: A) weight and height. B) fat to muscle. C) food intake to calories burned. D) none of the above.

28. 22. People who eat less to diet may reach a weight level which is difficult to go below, even with more dieting. This level is called: A) metabolism. B) BMI. C) a set point. D) fat-to-muscle ratio.

29. 23. The World Health Organization has estimated that ___ of all people are overweight. A) 50% B) 70% C) 40% D) 60%

30. 24: Exercise can help to lower your “set point” by: A) speeding up your metabolism. B) burning fat cells. C) building muscle. D) all of the above.

31. 25. Which of the following is the most recommended way to lose weight? A) eating only one meal per day. B) eating less than 1,000 calories per day. C) eating several small meals per day. D) eating only pre-packaged diet food.

34. 1. Whether we experience stress depends upon: A) the situation. B) how life threatening it is. C) our cognitive appraisal. D) whether or not others are involved.

35. 2. The two-track stress response system involves the cerebral cortex and the _____. A) sympathetic nervous system B) peripheral nervous system C) heart and lungs D) corpus collosum

36. 3. According to Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome, we are most likely to become ill as the result of stress during the ___ phase. A) alarm B) resistance C) exhaustion D) recovery

37. 4. Stress is related to the leading cause of death in the U.S., which is: A) cancer. B) coronary heart disease. C) suicide. D) stroke.

38. Research suggests that those with Type A personality could reduce their risk of heart disease if they would: A) drink more alcohol. B) sleep more. C) let their anger out on a punching bag. D) let go of their anger.

39. 6. A psychophysiological illness is: A) when a person is “faking” an illness. B) a genuine illness caused by stress. C) an illness that is simply “imagined”. D) when a biological cause results in mental illness.

40. 7. With regards to the relation of stress to illness: A) too much stress can make us physically sick. B) sickness is just a matter of how strong or weak the person is. C) stress can weaken our immune system, making us more vulnerable to disease. D) stress has to be life-threatening to be of any real impact to us.

41. 8. Ader and Cohen (1985) performed an experiment with rats that demonstrated: A) rats who were shocked had an increased risk of cancer. B) cancer would spread faster under stress. C) the immune system can be conditioned to respond to a placebo. D) rats would develop “Type A” personalities under stress.

42. 9. Besides the lymphocytes, our immune systems release ___, called the “big eaters”, to ingest foreign invaders. A) macrophages B) white blood cells C) red blood cells D) stress hormones

43. 10. After the hurricane hit, those in the community helped each other clear the wreckage. This behavior demonstrates: A) optimistic style. B) tending and befriending. C) emotion-focused coping. D) problem-focused coping.

44. 11. Being a pessimist: A) can increase your level of stress. B) can shorten your life. C) can raise your blood pressure. D) all of the above.

45. 12. Mary has been suffering from the “blues”. Your recommendation is that she first try: A) electric shock. B) aerobic exercise. C) Prozac. D) psychoanalysis.

46. 13. With regards to the effectiveness of biofeedback: A) biofeedback is the most effective method for alleviating stress-related illnesses. B) biofeedback is as effective as relaxation. C) biofeedback is ineffective for alleviating stress. D) biofeedback is a modern “Snake Oil” and only works because of a placebo effect.

47. 14. When alternative medicine approaches, such as acupuncture, are scientifically tested, results: A) are never as good as they promise. B) can be quite convincing. C) are explained as placebo effects. D) cannot be replicated in the laboratory.

48. 15. Regular religious attendance is a positive predictor of a longer life span. Researchers have identified three factors that explain this, including all of the following, except: A) healthier life styles. B) social support networks. C) relaxed meditative style. D) faith healing.

49. 16. Eliminate this as one of your habits and you will increase your life expectancy better than any other preventive measure. A) smoking B) drinking C) inactivity D) losing your temper

50. 17. Most smokers began ___ and were influenced by ___. A) in their early 20’s; parents B) in their teens; friends and movie idols C) in their late 20’s; peers D) in their teens; parents

51. 18. The addictive ingredient in cigarettes is nicotine and it is: A) more addictive than cocaine but less addictive than heroin. B) more addictive than heroin and cocaine. C) addictive, but not as much as heroin or cocaine. D) not addictive if someone really wants to quit.

52. 19. James, a regular smoker, hasn’t had a cigarette for a while. He is irritable, has difficulty sleeping, and anxiety, all signs of: A) high levels of nicotine. B) increased drug tolerance. C) nicotine withdrawal. D) resentment at being pressured to quit.

53. 20. Lou is more likely to be a cigarette smoker if he: A) is from the United States. B) is less educated. C) is wealthy. D) is educated early as to its harmful effects.

54. 21. Your BMI is a ratio of your: A) weight and height. B) fat to muscle. C) food intake to calories burned. D) none of the above.

55. 22. People who eat less to diet may reach a weight level which is difficult to go below, even with more dieting. This level is called: A) metabolism. B) BMI. C) a set point. D) fat-to-muscle ratio.

56. 23. The World Health Organization has estimated that ___ of all people are overweight. A) 50% B) 70% C) 40% D) 60%

57. 24: Exercise can help to lower your “set point” by: A) speeding up your metabolism. B) burning fat cells. C) building muscle. D) all of the above.

58. 25. Which of the following is the most recommended way to lose weight? A) eating only one meal per day. B) eating less than 1,000 calories per day. C) eating several small meals per day. D) eating only pre-packaged diet food.

59. Answers