1 / 24

History of Animation

History of Animation. Jehee Lee Seoul National University. What is Animation. Animation is about making things move (Merriam-Webster’s) A motion picture made by photographing successive positions of inanimate objects cf). Live action movie Computer allows more flexibility

liam
Download Presentation

History of Animation

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. History of Animation Jehee Lee Seoul National University

  2. What is Animation • Animation is about making things move • (Merriam-Webster’s) A motion picture made by photographing successive positions of inanimate objects • cf). Live action movie • Computer allows more flexibility • Eg). Special effects, Interactive animation

  3. Early Animation Devices • Flipbooks • Stop motion (puppet, clay) • Cel animation • Chalk animation • Silhouette animation

  4. A Brief History of Animation • 1887: Goodwin invented nitrate celluloid film • 1892: Reynard invented the Praxinoscope • 1889: Reynaud invented Theatre Optique • 1893: Edison invented the Kinetscope • Only one viewer at a time • 1894: Lumiere invented the cinematograph • Camera + Projector + Printer

  5. A Brief History of Animation • 1900: THE ENCHANTED DRAWING • Live action films + replacement technique • 1906: HUMOROUS PHASES OF FUNNY FACES • The first animation recorded frame by frame A resource for early animation : http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/oahtml/oahome.html

  6. A Brief History of Animation • 1925: “The Adventures of Prince Achmed” • Lotte Reiniger, 1st feature animation • Silhouette animation [prince_1.avi] [prince_2.avi]

  7. A Brief History of Computer Aniamtion • 1885: CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) • 1960: William F. Boeing coins “Computer Graphics” • 1961: John Whitney, Intro to Alfred Hitchcock’s Vertigo [vertigo1.avi] • 1961: Spacewars, 1st video game • 1963: Ivan Sutherland, Sketchpad • 1974: z-buffer, Ed Catmull • 1975: Phong shading • 1980: Tron, 1st feature film by CG (tronBike.avi)(tronTransfer.avi) • 1986: Luxo Jr. nominated for Oscar (ljr_320.mov) • 1995: Toy Story, 1st full CG feature film Short films of Pixar : http://www.pixar.com/shorts/index.html

  8. How to Create Expressive Animation ?

  9. Principles of Animation • “The Illusion of Life”, by Thomas Johnson and Ollie Johnson • Principles of Traditional Animation Applied to 3D Computer Animation, John Lasseter, Siggraph 87.

  10. Twelve Principles • Squash and Stretch • Anticipation • Staging • (Pose to Pose) • Follow Through • Slow In, Show Out • Arcs • Secondary Action • Timing • Exaggeration • (Solid Drawing) • Appeal

  11. Squash and Stretch • Movement emphasizes rigidity • Preserve volume

  12. Timing • Timing, or the speed of an action gives meaning to movement • Weight, Scaling, Emotion

  13. Timing • Two keyframes of a head • No: hit by a tremendous force • ONE: hit by a frying pan • TWO: nervous tic • THREE: dodging a brick • FOUR: a crisp order “Move it !” • FIVE: friendly “Come on-hurry !” • SIX: tracing a good looking girl • … • TEN: stretch a sore muscle

  14. Anticipation • The preparation of an action • Revealing • Indicating Speed • Directing Attention

  15. Follow Through • The termination of an action • Weight and drag • Initiation • Overlapping

  16. Staging • Staging is the presentation of an idea so that it is completely and unmistakably clear. • Readability • Personality • Mood

  17. Slow In, Slow Out • The spacing of the inbetweens • Non-linear interpolation

  18. Arcs • The visual path of action from one extreme to another is always described by an arc

  19. Secondary Action • A secondary action is an action that results directly from another action

  20. Exaggeration • Exaggerate the essence of the action • Action, emotion, shape, color, sound, …

  21. Appeal • The animated character has appeal • A quality of charm • Pleasing design • Simplicity • It doesn’t mean that the character/animation should be realistic • Movie1.mov • Movie2.mov

  22. Example – Final Fantasy • FinalFantasySiggraph.avi

  23. Uncanny Valley • Human psycological reaction to animation • Coined by Japanese roboticist Masahiro Mori • Emotional response against similarity to human appearance and movement

  24. Computer Graphics for Animation • What can the computer do for the principles ? • Keyframing: Timing, Arc, Slow In & Out • Geometric deformation: Squash and Stretch • Physically based techniques: Secondary Action • Rendering: Staging

More Related