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Number Paper 1 – 6 Why did we go to War in 1812? Who won the War of 1812? What did the US gain from the War of 1812?

Number Paper 1 – 6 Why did we go to War in 1812? Who won the War of 1812? What did the US gain from the War of 1812? What did the US lose from the War of 1812? What did G. Washington state about getting in other countries business? Why the War of 1812 so important to the United States?.

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Number Paper 1 – 6 Why did we go to War in 1812? Who won the War of 1812? What did the US gain from the War of 1812?

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  1. Number Paper 1 – 6 Why did we go to War in 1812? Who won the War of 1812? What did the US gain from the War of 1812? What did the US lose from the War of 1812? What did G. Washington state about getting in other countries business? Why the War of 1812 so important to the United States?

  2. Number Paper 1 – 6 Why did we go to War in 1812? Who won the War of 1812? 3. What did the US gain from the War of 1812? Impressments - sovereignty No One Nothing but a Large War Debt

  3. Number Paper 1 – 6 What did the US lose from the War of 1812? 5. What did G. Washington state about getting in other countries business? 6. Why the War of 1812 so important to the United States? Men/Washington DC Stay Out!!! Show the world it could stand up to other countries and can not be defeated – maintain its sovereignty

  4. President James Monroe • Elected in 1816 (Democratic-Republican) • Two Terms: 1816-1824 • “Era of Good Feelings” • Monroe Doctrine • Missouri Compromise

  5. Basic Information • Term: 5th President of the United States • Born: Westmoreland County, Virginia (April 28, 1758) • Education: College of William and Mary (graduated 1776) • Career: Lawyer • Political Party: Democratic-Republican

  6. Life in Brief: • James Monroe was the last American President of the “Virginia Dynasty” • soldier, • diplomat, • governor, • senator, and • cabinet official

  7. Britain • US & Britain wanted to keep naval & fishing rights on the Great Lakes • Rush-Bagot Agreement – US & Britain agreed to limit naval power on the Great Lakes • Convention of 1818 • Set the border between US & Canada at 49° N latitude as far west as Rocky Mountains • Occupy the Pacific Northwest together • Gave U.S. fishing rights off Newfoundland & Labrador coasts • Spain U.S Struggle with Other Nations

  8. Spain • Dispute over border between US and Spanish Florida • US sent troops to secure the southern border • General Andrew Jackson was the commander

  9. Conflicts occurred between US and Florida’s Seminole Indians • Seminole’s helped runaway slaves • Seminole’s raided U.S. settlements • Response – capture Seminole raiding parties

  10. General Jackson conquest of Florida without Monroe’s permission • Took over most of Spain’s military post • Overthrew governor of Florida • American people supported Jackson actions • Adam-Onis Treaty (1819) • Spain gave East Florida to US • US gave up claims to Texas • US agreed to pay up to $5 million of US citizens’ claims against Spain

  11. Adams-Onis Boundaries

  12. Number Paper 1 – 10 List the four presidents from Virginia. 2. “ “ 3. “ “ “ “ Which army general acted against Spain without presidential instructions? Which president was the last of the “Virginia Dynasty”?

  13. Which political party was James Monroe a member? Why was southern planters upset with the Seminole Indians? What did General Andrew Jackson do that could have started a war with Spain? What was the solution to the struggle over the Pacific Northwest?

  14. Number Paper 1 – 10 List the four presidents from Virginia. 2. “ “ 3. “ “ “ “ Which army general acted against Spain without presidential instructions? Which president was the last of the “Virginia Dynasty”? Washington Jefferson Madison Monroe Andrew Jackson Monroe

  15. Which political party was James Monroe a member? Why was southern planters upset with the Seminole Indians? What did General Andrew Jackson do that could have started a war with Spain? What was the solution to the struggle over the Pacific Northwest? Democratic-Republican Raids or Hiding Runaway Slaves Captured Army Post or Overthrow Governor Shared Responsibility For The Area

  16. The Monroe Doctrine • 1823 (Sec. Of State - John Quincy Adams) • No more European colonization in Western Hemisphere • US dominance of Western Hemisphere established

  17. Monroe Doctrine The occasion has been judged proper for asserting… that the American Continents.. Are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European powers… The political system of the allied powers is essentially different … from that of America. We … declare that we should consider any attempt on their part to extend their system to any portion of this hemisphere as dangerous to our peace and safety… With the existing colonies… we have interfered and shall not interfere. But with the governments who have declared their independence and maintained it, and whose independence we have … acknowledged, we could not view any interposition (interference) for the purpose of oppressing them … by any European power in any other light than has the manifestation (evidence) of an unfriendly disposition (attitude) toward the United States.

  18. Four Basic Points: • US would not interfere with affairs of European nations (outside Western Hemisphere) • US would not interfere with existing European colonies in the Americas • Western Hemisphere off limits to future colonization by foreign powers (European) • Any European action in Western Hemisphere would be considered a hostile act (Act of War)

  19. Implications in the Western Hemisphere • US dominance until the present • US role in Latin American affairs • European direct influence limited • Precedent of Isolationism with Europe

  20. Panic of 1819 • First major US Financial Crisis • Banks throughout the country failed • Mortgages were foreclosed • forcing people out of their homes • & off their farms. • Thousands put in debtors prison • Falling prices impaired agriculture and manufacturing, triggering widespread unemployment. • Result: Law passed for relief project & ending of debtors prison

  21. Missouri Compromise • Issue: Slavery in the new states • Will a new state be a FREE or SLAVE State • Free State– No Slavery Allowed at all • Slave State– Slavery Permitted everywhere

  22. Missouri Compromise Lab

  23. Which region, North or South, had the most square miles of land? {Add the square mile from the north and the south. Compare the two. (Show the work on the data sheet)} • Which region, North or South, was the more densely populated? {Add the density of each region and then divide by 11. Compare the two. (Show the work on the data sheet)} • Which of the original 3 colonial regions have the largest square mile area? (Show your work) • Which of the original 3 colonial regions have the highest density of people per square mile? (Show your work) _ South = 504,654; North = 294,091; South Largest North = 30.96; South = 13.5; North = greatest density NE = 22,959 M = 101,963 S = 212,153 NE = 56.75; M = 31.52; S = 18.6

  24. Which region, North or South, had the higher population of black people? {Add the square mile from the north and the south. Compare the two. • In what two southern states did the black population outnumber the white population? • In which region can you find states where the female population outnumbered the male population? Name the states. • Compare the land area in the territories where slavery was prohibited with that of the territories where slavery was permitted. {Add the land area of Florida territory & Arkansas territory and compare it with the Michigan territory}. Which has the greatest land area? Free or Slave • What difference does it make? North = 118,000 South = 1,563,000 Louisiana South Carolina (North) NH = 124,000/120,000; MA = 268,000/255,000 Slave = 160,136 Free = 186,052 More of America remaining free

  25. What changes did the Missouri Compromise bring to the U.S. Map? • How did the Missouri Compromise solve the problem of keeping the balance of power in the Senate between free and slave states? • What territory was to be kept free of slavery? • Why would the South begin to look to the land to the west of the borders of the U.S., in what was then part of Mexico? Kept the US from having a Civil War North vs South Kept the Senate equal from Free to Slave 11/11 to 12/12 Unorganized Territory; Most of the Louisiana territory If the South could expand westward, it could add slave states within the context of the Missouri Compromise

  26. Could either side be considered the winner in this compromise? • WHY? • WHY NOT? NO The power stay the same and the institution of slavery remained just as powerful

  27. What were the inhabitants of the portion of the Missouri Territory that was petition (asking) for statehood authorized to do? [Introduction] Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That the inhabitants of that portion of the Missouri territory included within the boundaries herein after designated, be, and they are hereby, authorized to form for themselves a constitution and state government, and to assume such name as they shall deem proper; and the said state, when formed, shall be admitted into the Union, upon an equal footing with the original states, in all respects whatsoever.

  28. What were the two qualifications to vote and hold office in the Missouri Territory? [Section 3] SEC. 3. And be it further enacted, That all free white male citizens of the United States, who shall have arrived at the age of twenty-one years, and have resided in said territory: three months previous to the day of election, and all other persons qualified to vote for representatives to the general assembly of the said territory, shall be qualified to be elected and they are hereby qualified and authorized to vote, and choose representatives to form a convention, who shall be apportioned amongst the several counties as follows :From the county of Howard, five representatives.

  29. What form of government were they required to establish? [Section 4] Section 4; …Provided, That the same, whenever formed, shall be republican, and not repugnant to the constitution of the United States; and that the legislature of said state shall never interfere with the primary disposal of the soil by the United States, nor with any regulations Congress may find necessary for securing the title in such soil to the bona fide purchasers ; and that no tax shall be imposed on lands the property of the United States ; and in no case shall non-resident proprietors be taxed higher than residents.

  30. How many representatives would they be given in the House of Representatives until the next census could be taken? [Section 5] SEC. 5. And be it further enacted, That until the next general census shall be taken, the said state shall be entitled to one representative in the House of Representatives of the United States.

  31. What year will the next census be taken? [Your knowledge] Every ten years 1820 + 10 = 1830 • What section of a town must be used for a school? [Section 6.1] SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That the following propositions be, and the same are hereby, offered to the convention of the said territory of Missouri, when formed, for their free acceptance or rejection, which, if accepted by the convention, shall be obligatory upon the United States:First. That section numbered sixteen in every township, and when such section has been sold, or otherwise disposed of, other lands equivalent thereto, and as contiguous as may be, shall be granted to the state for the use of the inhabitants of such township, for the use of schools.

  32. What percentage of state taxes must be reserved for the building of roads and canals? [Section 6.3] SEC. 6. And be it further enacted, That the following propositions be, and the same are hereby, offered to the convention of the said territory of Missouri, when formed, for their free acceptance or rejection, which, if accepted by the convention, shall be obligatory upon the United States: Third. That five per cent. of the net proceeds of the sale of lands lying within the said territory or state, and which shall be sold by Congress, from and after the first day of January next, after deducting all expenses incident to the same, shall be reserved for making public roads and canals, of which three fifths shall be applied to those objects within the state, under the direction of the legislature thereof; and the other two fifths in defraying, under the direction of Congress, the expenses to be incurred in making of a road or roads, canal or canals, leading to the said state.

  33. What must the Missouri territory present to Congress in order to become a state? [Section 7] SEC. 7. And be it further enacted, That in case a constitution and state government shall be formed for the people of the said territory of Missouri, the said convention or representatives, as soon thereafter as may be, shall cause a true and attested copy of such constitutionor frame of state government, as shall be formed or provided, to be transmitted to Congress.

  34. Where was slavery “forever prohibited”? [Section 8] Section 8. And be it further enacted. That in all that territory ceded by France to the United States, under the name of Louisiana, which lies north of thirty-six degrees and thirty minutes north latitude, not included within the limits of the state, contemplated by this act, slavery and involuntary servitude, otherwise than in the punishment of crimes, whereof the parties shall have been duly convicted, shall be, and is hereby, forever prohibited: Provided always, That any person escaping into the same, from whom labour or service is lawfully claimed, in any state or territory of the United States, such fugitive may be lawfully reclaimed and conveyed to the person claiming his or her labour or service as aforesaid.

  35. What was the provision for fugitive slaves? [Section 8] Section 8. And be it further enacted. That in all that territory ceded by France to the United States, under the name of Louisiana, which lies north of thirty-six degrees and thirty minutes north latitude, not included within the limits of the state, contemplated by this act, slavery and involuntary servitude, otherwise than in the punishment of crimes, whereof the parties shall have been duly convicted, shall be, and is hereby, forever prohibited: Provided always, That any person escaping into the same, from whom labour or service is lawfully claimed, in any state or territory of the United States, such fugitive may be lawfully reclaimed and conveyed to the person claiming his or her labour or service as aforesaid.

  36. 1819 – 11 Free States/11 Slave State • Settlers in the Missouri Territory asked to join the Union as a slave state. • Slave states would outnumber free states. • Power in congress would shift from a tie to pro slave state • Result – possible dissolution of the Union

  37. Who would settle the issue? • Henry Clay • Born in Virginia • Father was a Baptist minister • No formal schooling – self taught • Studied law • Congressman from Kentucky for 42 years • Ran for President five times • Slave owner

  38. Henry Clay • Aim to keep Union together • Argued in Congress for months • Persuaded Congress to agree to a compromise to keep Union together

  39. Quick Quiz The purpose of the Missouri compromise was to Return slaves captured in free states to slave states Allow slavery in Maine but not in Missouri Maintain a balance of free and slave states Let Missouri have slavery until 1850

  40. Age of Jackson

  41. Andrew Jackson • Background • Born in 1767 in Waxhaw, South Carolina, self-made lawyer, legislator and slave owner • National hero at the Battle of New Orleans • Removed Creek Indians from Tennessee, fought against Seminole Indians in Florida • 7thPresident, 1828-1837

  42. Inauguration • Victory for the common man • Huge party on White House lawn which almost got out of hand • Set up “Spoils System” • changing government workers was a good thing • rewards political supporters with government jobs • belief that ordinary citizens can do government jobs

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