Meiosis and Genetics Test Review

1. Meiosis and Genetics Test Review

2. Huntington's disease is caused by a dominant allele. If one of your parents has the disease, what is the probability that you, too, will have the disease? • 100% • 0 % • 50% • 75% [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

3. Which of the following cells in humans are haploid? • Gametes • Brain cells • Stomach cell • Nerve cells [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

4. In 1944 Charlie Chaplin was involved in a legal battle over the paternity of a child born to Joan Berry, a young starlet. The baby was blood type B, the mother A, and Chaplin O. From what you know about the inheritance of blood types, could Chaplin have been the father of the child? (At the time of the trial, blood group evidence was not admissible in California courts. Charlie Chaplin was declared responsible for the child's support.) • Perhaps, blood tests are inconclusive.  • Yes, he could have fathered the child.  • No, he could not possibly have fathered the child.  • In this case, more evidence must be given. [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

5. Black fur in mice (B) is dominant to brown fur (b) Short tails (T) are dominant to long tails (t). What fraction of the progeny of the cross BbTt x BBtt will have black fur and long tails? • 3/8 • 1/16 • 1/2 • 3/16 [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

6. When crossing a homozygous recessive with a heterozygote, what is the chance of getting an offspring with the homozygous recessive phenotype? • 0% • 50% • 75% • 25% [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

7. Why are there so many phenotypes in polygenic inheritance? • All of the alleles are dominant • Many genes for the same trait interact to produce a continuous range of phenotypes • There are many alleles for each gene • All of the alleles are recessive [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

8. Which of the following correctly describes the process being illustrated?  • crossing-over in which alleles are exchanged • condensation and segregation of alleles • mutation in which the DNA content of the gene is altered • segregation of sister chromatids [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

9. Mitosis and meiosis are processes involved in cellular reproduction. Which of the following describes an event that results from mitosis but NOT meiosis? • daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell • four daughter cells that are produced from each parent cell • two stages of cell division • replication of cellular genetic material [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

10. Brown eye color is dominant; blue is recessive. If a brown-eyed man marries a blue-eyed woman and they have a brown-eyed boy and a blue-eyed girl, we can safely conclude that • the man is heterozygous. • both parents are homozygous.  • the man is not the true father.  • eye color is sex-linked.  [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

11. In snapdragons, heterozygotes have pink flowers, whereas homozygotes have red or white flowers. When plants with red flowers are crossed with plants with white flowers, what proportion of the offspring will have pink flowers? • 0% • 25% • 50% • 75% [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

12. Four different segments of a DNA molecule are represented below. There is an error in the DNA in which molecule? • segment 1 only • segment 3 only • segment 2 and 4 • segment 2 and 3 [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

13. If a woman who is red-green color-blind marries a man with normal vision, what phenotypes would you expect their children to have? • All their children will be color-blind.  • All their daughters will have normal vision and will not be carriers, but all their sons will be color blind.  • All their daughters will be color-blind, but all their sons will have normal vision.  • All their daughters will be carriers and all their sons will be color-blind.  [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

14. What is inherited from a person’s mother? • 22 autosomes and a X or Y chromosome • 22 autosomes and a X chromosome • 44 autosomes and 2 sex chromosomes • 22 sex chromosomes and 1 autosome [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

15. Which choice describes DNA after replication has taken place? • two molecules, each with two old strands • two molecules, each with one original and one new strand • two molecules, each with two new strands • one molecule with two original strands and one molecule with two new strands [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

16. The most likely mode of inheritance is: • X-linked recessive • Autosomal dominant • X-linked dominant • Autosomal recessive [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

17. Widow’s peak is an autosomal dominant condition. The pedigree given shows a family in which shaded individuals have the condition. Which of the following must be true? • At least one parent of I2 has the trait • Individual I1 is heterozygous for the trait • II6 is a carrier • Any child of II1 and II2 has a one in two chance of having the trait [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

18. Which of the following best describes how the process of crossing over during meiosis leads to an increase in genetic diversity? • During prophase II, fragments of DNA break off of chromosomes and attach to the ends of other chromosomes, resulting in different gene sequences. • During prophase II, sister chromatids separate from each other, and as they travel to opposite ends of the cell, DNA segments of nearby chromosomes are exchanged. • During prophase I, DNA segments are exchanged between homologous chromosomes resulting in different combinations of alleles. • During prophase I, DNA replication takes place and homologous chromosomes trade places with each other before lining up in preparation for metaphase. [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

19. Which phrase best describes meiosis I? • Duplication of paired chromosomes • Fusion of sister chromatids • Division of homologous chromosomes • Creation of two diploid cells [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

20. Which of the following carries amino acids to the site of protein synthesis?  • nRNA • mRNA • rRNA • tRNA [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]

21. The process of synthesizing mRNA along a DNA template is called • Transcription • replication  • translation  • transformation  [Default] [MC Any] [MC All]