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Environmental Impacts Assessment for GSM radiated power and FM Radio Broadcasting in Baghdad

Environmental Impacts Assessment for GSM radiated power and FM Radio Broadcasting in Baghdad. Eng. Jawad Al-Aboudi Environmental Research Center Environment and Water Directorate / Ministry of Science and Technology Baghdad, IRAQ. This presentation includes: The effects of EMF exposure

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Environmental Impacts Assessment for GSM radiated power and FM Radio Broadcasting in Baghdad

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  1. Environmental Impacts Assessment for GSM radiated power and FM Radio Broadcasting in Baghdad Eng. Jawad Al-Aboudi Environmental Research Center Environment and Water Directorate / Ministry of Science and Technology Baghdad, IRAQ

  2. This presentation includes: The effects of EMF exposure Previous research and studies results International limits and local limits Local researches in EMF exposure assessment Recommendations and suggestions

  3. Radiation types “Higher the frequency deeper the effect” Radio Frequency (natural, man made) Effect: Molecular rotation and torsion results in heating, mainly due to power absorbed by tissue. IT IS NON IONIZING Infrared – Warming of skin surface, non ionizing Visible – Electron level changes, non ionizing Ultra violet – Ionizing but skin deep effect (Sunburn) X-ray (medical, TV screens) - Ionizing effect (deep) Nuclear (natural / power plants) – Ionizing effect, radiation hazard is deeper and risk of cancer) Gamma ray (radioactive process) - Ionizing effect (risk of mutation and cancer) Increasing Frequency

  4. Base Stations and Headsets Mobile Radio Systems Radiation: Analysis, Mitigation and Simulations Techniques Professor JACOB GAVAN (Fellow IEEE) Holon Institute of Technology (H.I.T)Faculty of Engineering – Dept of Communication Engineering

  5. Temperature distribution after 3 minute of cell phone call, Thermal Effect

  6. ICNIRP exposure limits ( for limited exposure time)

  7. ICNIRP Limits compared with other standard limits General public exposure limits Professional workers limits

  8. Overview of Al-Sader City (Baghdad), a case study (1)

  9. Mobile phone tower distribution in (Sector 5)

  10. Over view of Al-Binouk section (Baghdad), a case study (2)

  11. Overview of AlShaab city, a case study (3)

  12. Measurements in Wasit Governorate, case study(4)

  13. Measurements in Iraq compared with international limits Measurements in Iraq compared with local limits in some countries Measurements in Wasit and Baghdad Governorates

  14. GSM Tower distribution in Paris, (Nedhif, 2008)

  15. Measurement in Iraq and some countries Number of towers in Baghdad and Paris for the same area

  16. Exposure limits according to frequency, Hz

  17. International Exposure limits for Radio and TV Broadcasting F= frequency in MHz Exposure levels classification Low: 10uW/m2 = 0.0614 v/m Medium: 10- 100 µw/m2 = 0.0614 – 0.2 v/m High: above 100 µw/m2 = above 0.2 v/m Extreme: 10000 – 100000 µw/m2 = 1.94 - 6.14 v/m OEKOTEST, 2001

  18. In 2011, Iraqi MOEN issued instructions and recommendations represent the requirements for the environmental agreement for new TV and Radio broadcasting stations, according to these local instructions, the broadcasting stations classified as an environmental pollutants (Grade C) Iraqi local limits (MOEN)

  19. TV & Radio Broadcasting Stations in Iraq

  20. Statistical calculations of selected Radio stations in Baghdad

  21. Alfoura’at Broadcasting station in Baghdad, case study (5)

  22. Statistical analysis of Alfoura’at Broadcasting station in Baghdad

  23. FM radiation Peak exposure in Baghdad compared with international limits FM radiation Peak exposure in Baghdad compared other studies

  24. Conclusions and suggestions: • All measurements are below the international standard limits, but, they are higher than local limits of some counties. • The international limits are protect the professional workers and publics from EMF thermal effects, we are looking forward for new international standard limits considering the non-thermal effects • In Iraq most of GSM towers are fixed on the top of the citizen’s houses. • The better use of mobile phone the lower exposure level • Child should avoids the use of mobile phone • More knowledge to the possible impacts of EMF exposure including the best use of mobile phone should be included in educational text books in primary schools • Workers close to FM transmitters should periodically replace each other to avoid continuous exposure. • All people and workers who are work or live near GSM or FM transmitters must be subjected to free medical examinations. • All types of tower that’s transmitted EMF energy must be fixed away from houses, schools and child health care centers as far as possible. • High power Radio and TV transmitters should be far from studio, workers and office • Radio and TV frequency band had the lower international standard limits • All measurements are implemented with normal human height (1.75 cm), higher readings expected in upper levels • Most of FM radio station in Baghdad located in crowded residential areas

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