Helping the hardest to help Hertfordshire 15 June

1. Helping the hardest to helpHertfordshire 15 June Graham Robb

2. Mappa Mundi Hereford Cathedral

3. The risks : what is the local story? • What are the external risks facing young people? • Crime inc. gang/group offending • Community tension and violent extremism • Physical abuse / domestic violence / FGM • Sexual exploitation ….. And specifics to the area you serve

4. 140,000 8-17 in YOT contact 2500 in custody (c 150 long term) Girls 26% of offending 2% of offenders cause 20% of offences Key Offences Violence against person 35% Shoplifting 18% Criminal damage 20% Vehicle 5% Burglary 5% Youth Justice : snapshot Key Times 4-6pm Dec – Feb Summer months

5. What are the risk factors? How prevalent in young offenders is this risk factor? • Aggressive Behaviour (including Bullying 25% • Low achievement starting in primary school 24% • Family history of behaviour problems 22% • Alienation and lack of social commitment 22% • Peer attitudes condoning problem behaviour 21% • Family conflict 21% • Lack of commitment to school (inc persistent absence) 21% • Friends involved in problem behaviour 21% • Availability of drugs 19% • early involvement in problem behaviour 18% • Community disorganisation 18% • Poor parental supervision and discipline 18% • School disorganisation (e.g. poor registration system to track attendance) 17%

6. Young people’s views - a changing story MORI 2009 for YJB 194 schools 4750 young people 11-16 Reduction in Youth Offending from 2005 27% to 2008 23% Main – fare dodging (53%), hurting with need for medical attention (42%) , property damage (39%), graffiti (33%), stolen in school (33%) 16% mobile phone violent pix , 22% offensive message Significant reduction in worry about being victim of crime www.yjb.gov.uk/publications

7. Young people’s views - a changing story 127 Pupil referral units in E+W 916 young people 11-16 61% “ I have been a victim in last 12 months” – 64% say “I committed a criminal offence in the last year” – stable Increase in likelihood of being caught – 82% 61% Damage to property 59% threat or assault 57% shoplifting Significantly more likely than general population to be involved in ASB , theft , threat, drug related ( mean 22 purchases in 12 months)

8. Serious Youth ViolenceDangerous People, Places , Times Place matters The age profiles of SYV and homicide offenders in London are changing There is racial and gender disproportionality of homicide victims • Overwhelmingly victims and offenders of all homicide are male; • Of 10 – 19 year olds killed in London in 2007 and 2008, • 91% were male; • 90% of victims were BME; • 77% of offenders were BME; • 52% of victims were British born; • 74% of offenders were British born. Transitions : Attendance : Information YOT to Sch/College Girls Voice in Violence

9. Key issues for the death of 10 – 19 year olds • Gang related* offending (territory, revenge attacks, ‘disrespect’); • Personal conflict (spontaneous fight; simmering dispute; disrespect); • Participation in illegal economy (robberies within the drug and other illegal markets). * Not all groups of young people are gangs. Sometimes the issues of serious youth violence and gang related killings over overlap, sometimes they don't.

10. Preventing Violent Extremism: the contribution of schools • Understand the extremist narrative • Prevent harm to pupils • Support vulnerable individuals • Build resilience • Allow grievances to be aired and model conflict resolution /citizenship

11. Situational Model of Violent Radicalisation FOUR CONDITIONS Inter-community separation Seductive ideology ‘Single narrative’ explains the collective condition of social group Opposing groups. Focus on differences FOUR CATALYSTS Signal events & crimes PUSH FACTORS Those that ‘loosen the social bonds that people feel in respect of their attachments to normal society. PULL FACTORS Attract decoupled individuals to a more radical and extreme viewpoint Declining social control  PULL PUSH Isolation & anger, leaders remote and ineffective Social bonds & attachments provide meaningful social identity Differential association Indoctrination Foreground Intra–community separation Group dynamics Background FOREGROUND ISSUES Those immediateand visibleevents that act on an individual that contribute to changing their attitudes, beliefs or behaviour. BACKGROUND ISSUES Place individuals and groups in conditions where they are more susceptible to technologies of persuasion

12. provide effective pupil support processes • raise staff awareness on key issues • form good links with police and other partners to share information • access external support from statutory or voluntary organisations Support to individuals • use curriculum to challenge extremist narratives • allow space for debate and increase staff confidence in discussing controversial issues • understand local issues and tensions with help from local authority and police • develop network of community contacts and links with mentors and role models targeted activities related to preventing violent extremism • promote ECM outcomes, community cohesion, equalities and wellbeing • implement effective anti-bullying policies • focus on narrowing the attainment gap for all groups • promote pupils’ wider skill development in teaching and learning, e.g. SEAL • encourage active citizenship and pupil voice • links with families and local communities, including through extended schools Universal actions

13. Core aims for SSP • Improve the safety of pupils, staff and the school site • Early intervention, support and challenge of pupils at risk of offending • Help for young people to deal with the risk of becoming victims and support for those who are • Improve standards of pupil behaviour and attendance • Improve relations between young people and the police/wider community • Help deal with issues beyond the school that impact negatively on pupil safety and behaviour

14. Restorative Approaches Evidence : process and outcomes • RAiS Bristol (Restorative Solutions) • 608 staff trained inc 86 to facilitator level • 300+ Conferences • 40% involved pupils who would have been excluded previously • 96% of the conferences produced agreements • 93% of those agreements have resulted in no repeat of the incident with the pupil harmed

15. Safety and Cohesion Award Programme • Aims to help schools in : • Keeping young people safe • keep young people out of trouble • recognise the positive contribution young people make • Partnership audit and action plan

16. Safety and Cohesion Framework

17. System Leadership : NCLSCS • Collaboration to deliver personalisation –. One explored methods of reducing the numbers of young people not in education, employment or training (NEET), • Collaboration rather than competition – some schools pooled budgets to jointly commission work-based learning for vulnerable and disaffected young people. • All-through schooling –, while others adopted whole-town strategies to deliver the five outcomes of Every Child Matters (ECM). • Community engagement –. Another project developed a community alliance to deliver multi-agency services for local families. Next Practice in System Leadership