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Development Management

Development Management. January 23, 2009. Evans and Embedded Autonomy. What is a developmental state, according to Evans What are its internal and external characteristics? What are the characteristics of a ‘predatory’ state?

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Development Management

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  1. Development Management January 23, 2009

  2. Evans and Embedded Autonomy • What is a developmental state, according to Evans • What are its internal and external characteristics? • What are the characteristics of a ‘predatory’ state? • How can one transform a predatory state into a developmental state? • This is the key question in the institutions and governance approach to development

  3. What is governance? • World Bank • Process and institutionalization through which decisions are made and authority exercised? • Selection, accountability and replacement of authority • Efficiency of institutions – resource allocation • Respect for institutions – rule of law • DFID • How institutions rules and systems of the state operate at central and local level & how state relates to citizens • Political systems, macro stability, promote growth, pro-poor policy, universal access to basic services, personal safety & security, manage national security, honest and accountable government

  4. Evaluating Potential Governance Interventions(Grindle) • What degree of conflict is likely • Time required for institutionalization • Organizational complexity • Budgetary requirements • Amount of behavioral change required

  5. Pritchett & Woolcock • Effective provision depends on structure of incentives • Resources • Information • Decision-making • Delivery mechanism • Accountability

  6. Problems in service provision • All services provided by center, irrespective of their characteristics • Works in “Denmark” now • Makes ‘sense’ • Fits with interests of donor agencies • Provided a means to stay in power • Fits with ‘creation myths’ of developed world

  7. Three responses to failure • Intensification • Amputation • Reform key policies • Implementation by ‘10 smart people’

  8. World Development Report 2004 • Service provision – requires institutional relationships in which actors are accountable • Actors • Characteristics of services • Accountability • Delegation • Finance • Performance • Information/monitoring • Enforceability

  9. Governance Dimensions Citizens/Firms • Political Accountability • Political competition, broad-based political parties • Transparency & regulation of party financing • Disclosure of parliamentary votes • Effective Public Sector Management • Ethical leadership: asset declaration, conflict of interest rules • Cross-cutting public management systems: meritocracy, public finance, procurement • Service delivery and regulatory agencies in sectors • Checks & Balances • Independent, effective judiciary • Legislative oversight (PACs, PECs) • Independent oversight institutions (SAI) • Global initiatives: UN, OECD Convention, anti-money laundering • Civil Society & Media • Freedom of press, FOI • Civil society watchdogs • Report cards, client surveys • Private Sector Interface • Streamlined regulation • Public-private dialogue • Extractive Industry Transparency • Corporate governance • Collective business associations Citizens/Firms Citizens/Firms • Decentralization and Local Participation • Decentralization with accountability • Community Driven Development (CDD) • Oversight by parent-teacher associations & user groups • Beneficiary participation in projects Citizens/Firms

  10. Public Expenditure Tracking • Budget: • Formulation • Analysis • Expenditure • Monitoring

  11. Participatory Tools • Public expenditure tracking surveys • Social audits • Citizen report cards, community scorecards • Advocacy campaigns

  12. Examples • Budget formulation –Porto Alegre Brazil • Budget review and analysis – Gujurat, India • Expenditure tracking – Uganda • Performance Monitoring – Bangalore, India

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