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6. Sexuality: Choices in Sexual Behavior. Objectives. Define sexual identity, and discuss the major components of sexual identity, including biology, gender identity, gender roles, and sexual orientation. Identify major features and functions of sexual anatomy and physiology.
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6 Sexuality: Choices in Sexual Behavior
Objectives • Define sexual identity, and discuss the major components of sexual identity, including biology, gender identity, gender roles, and sexual orientation. • Identify major features and functions of sexual anatomy and physiology. • Discuss the options available for the expression of one’s sexuality. • Classify sexual dysfunctions, and describe major disorders.
Your Sexual Identity • Sexual identity – the recognition and acknowledgement of oneself as a sexual being; is determined by a complex interaction of genetic, physiological, environmental, and social factors
Gender • Socialization • Gender identity • Gender role • Androgyny • Transgendered
Sexual Orientation • Heterosexual • Homosexual • Bisexual • Transsexual
Female Sexual Anatomy and Physiology • External female genitals: • Mons pubis • Labia minora • Labia majora • Clitoris • Urethral opening • Hymen • Perineum
Female Sexual Anatomy and Physiology (continued) • Internal female genitals: • Vagina • Uterus • (Uterine) fallopian tubes • Ovaries
Figure 6.2 Side View of Female Reproductive Organs Figure 6.2
The Onset of Puberty and the Menstrual Cycle • Puberty • Menarche • Ovulation
Figure 6.3 Phases of the Menstrual (Uterine) and Ovarian Cycle Figure 6.3
Menstrual Problems • Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) • Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) • Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) • Dysmenorrhea
Menopause • Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) • Menopausal hormone therapy • Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) • Research on HRT
External male genitals: Penis Scrotum Internal male genitals: Testes Epididymides Ductus (vas) deferens Urethra Seminal vesicles Prostrate gland Cowper’s gland Male Sexual Anatomy and Physiology
Figure 6.4 Side View of the Male Reproductive Organs Figure 6.4
Human Sexual Response • Stages of sexual response: • Excitement/arousal • Plateau • Orgasm • Resolution
Figure 6.5 Comparison of Male and Female Sexual Responses Figure 6.5.1
Figure 6.5 Comparison of Male and Female Sexual Responses (continued) Figure 6.5.2
Sexual Response Among Older Adults • Women: • Post menopause changes include: • Less elastic skin • Internal organs shrink • Vaginal walls become thinner • Decreased vaginal lubrication • Men: • Require more direct and prolonged stimulation to achieve erection • Erection is less firm • Decrease intensity of ejaculation
Sexual Behavior: What Is Normal? • Common sociocultural standards in Western culture: • The heterosexual standard • The coital standard • The orgasmic standard • The two-person standard • The romantic standard • The safer sex standard
Options for Sexual Expression • Celibacy • Autoerotic behaviors • Sexual fantasies • Masturbation • Kissing and erotic touching • Manual stimulation • Oral-genital stimulation • Vaginal intercourse • Anal intercourse
Variant Sexual Behavior • Group Sex • Transvestism • Fetishism • Exhibitionism • Voyeurism • Sadomasochism • Pedophilia • Autoerotic asphyxiation
Difficulties That Can Hinder Sexual Function • Sexual desire disorders • Sexual arousal disorders • Orgasm disorders • Sexual performance anxiety • Sexual pain disorders
Figure 6.6 Prevalence of Sexual Problems in Men and Women Figure 6.6
Drugs and Sex • Alcohol • “Date rape” drugs