1 / 13

Utility Perspectives on Electrification of the Vehicle

Utility Perspectives on Electrification of the Vehicle. Knut Simonsen Sr. Vice President, Strategy and M&A President, Energy Ventures November 15, 2009. Plug-in EV’s nothing new! . 1900s – 2x EVs compared to ICE Detroit was the first American city to use electric taxi cabs

lilike
Download Presentation

Utility Perspectives on Electrification of the Vehicle

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Utility Perspectives on Electrification of the Vehicle Knut Simonsen Sr. Vice President, Strategy and M&A President, Energy Ventures November 15, 2009

  2. Plug-in EV’s nothing new! 1900s – 2x EVs compared to ICE Detroit was the first American city to use electric taxi cabs Note curb-side charging port 1914 Detroit

  3. Electric drive technologies Internal Combustion Engine (ICE) Hybrid Electric Vehicle (HEV) Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle (PHEV) Extended Range Electric Vehicle (EREV) Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) Motor Differential Differential Differential Motor Plug-in Electric Vehicles (PEV) Today Mechanical Coupling Mechanical Coupling Transmission Batteries Batteries Motor Transmission Transmission Motor Engine Generator Batteries Batteries Engine Engine Engine Miles Electric only: 10-20 ~40 100+ Larger battery and less emissions

  4. Electric drive technologies and annual electricity consumption Annual Electricity Usage per Vehicle* (kWh) • 75% of Americans drive less than 40 miles on their daily commute • 40 miles electric only - achieves similar GHG reduction as BEV- Limited need for public charging • BEVs will require faster charge rates and more daytime charging to address range “anxiety”- Needs public charging infrastructure * Assumes a vehicle drives 12,500 miles / day, PHEV and EREV electric usage varies depending on drive characteristics, Chevy Volt-type vehicle at 5 mi/kWh

  5. In addition to technology advances, multiple factors are aligning to support a successful launch of PEVs U.S.A. Rest of World Policy $2.4 Billion in U.S. stimulus dollars directed at advanced automotive batteries European Union target of 95 grams of CO2/km by 2020 => 60 mpg Climate Significant activity in Washington on federal climate legislation China’s commitment to building 500,000/year hybrid and electric vehicles by 2012 Energy Security Push for a domestic fuel source and fear of the return of high gas prices Urban smog in emerging mega-cities

  6. but for now, disadvantaged on purchase price Plug-ins have a big fuel cost advantage … US example Fuel Cost Comparison*($/Mile) … but BIG upfront premium today $12,500 - $17,500 fuel savings over 10 years* ~$15,000 premium over regular car reduced by $7,500 tax credit * Gallon of gasoline equivalent price computed comparing ICE mileage of 26 mpg to PEV mileage of 5 mi/kWh at $0.10/kWh, 12,500 miles per year, undiscounted

  7. Summary of current PEV incentives • USA • Goal of 1 million by ‘15 • Up to $7,500 / vehicle • Canada • Ontario: up to C$10,000 / veh • Green license plate: 5 yrs of HOV, special parking • France • $2.2 B for 1 mil. charge points • $7,500 / vehicle through ‘12 • UK • >$400 mil infrastr and auto • $8,500 / vehicle, London lead • China • 25 mil cars and 100 mil e-bikes! • Most are 1st time car buyers • 100% tax on reduced for PEVs • 13 cities picked for roll-out • $8,800 for taxi and gov’t • Skip ICE tech to focus on PEV • Japan • PEVs ~$16,000 incentive plus reduced road tax and registration • 8 cities picked for pilots

  8. Electric drive reduces GHG emissions and our addiction to imported oil Freedom from petroleum: electricity a domestic resource 350 Future Nuclear, Wind, Solar, etc. Hybrid ICE Coal Natural Gas Gasoline Electricity (by source) * 204 lb/MMBtu CO2 emissions rate (no carbon capture), 9,500 heat rate coal plant, 7,500 heat rate natural gas plant, ICE engine at 26 mpg, Hybrid drivetrain between 30-45 mpg, electric motor at 5 mi/kWh Source: Argonne National Labs GREET Model, DTE Team Analysis

  9. Infrastructure in place for broad PEV adoption ILLUSTRATIVE Impact of PEV on Typical Summer Load Profile (Ideal Case)* MW 10% market share** * PHEV is likely to also contribute to increased load during peak hours. Illustrative example of electric utility load – similar to Detroit Edison ** Estimated 600,000 cars and light trucks (does not include diesel trucks, buses, etc), 12,500 miles per year, 3.0 mi/kWh average efficiency, 75% electric operation Source: DTE analyses, EPRI/NRDC Report

  10. Uncontrolled charging could lead to localized outages if not properly managed Load shape for warm summer day – adding 3 PEVs to a neighborhood • Potential problems • Voltage dips (dimming lights, damage to expensive electronics) • Service interruption • Transformer failure • Measures to address these issues • On-vehicle charging control (time/date control) • Utility notified at time of PEV purchase • SmartGrid technology 25 kVA Transformer with Uncontrolled PEV Load* Peak Capacity Design Capacity` Summer Load3 PEV @ 1.4 kW3 PEV @ 3.3 kW *8-12 smaller, older homes per 25 kVA circuit. Most homes without central AC.

  11. Can PEVs absorb excess off-peak wind generation in the future? Windy Spring Day (~60% cap. factor) Generation and Load Profile in MISO – 2020 Estimate Illustrative Example MW • The answer is yes – however:- Need ~10% of vehicles to be PEV by ‘20 - ’25 • Wind tends to blow more at night when electric demand is at its lowest • Creates carbon free transportation Wind generation Noon 6 PM Midnight 6 AM Noon April 11 April 12 * Assumes 20% RES requirement with 15% from wind (based on actual 2009 data – scaled up 5.4x for 2020)

  12. US Utility industry pledge: Accelerate adoption of plug-in electric vehicles

  13. What should utilities and regulators be working on today? Home Charging • Streamlined process for customer is #1 priority • MiniE/EV1 home install: 30-40 days average with up to $3,000 installation cost • Integration with utility system planning can avoid localized transformer issues • Develop PEV rates and capture benefits from flexible nature of demand • Consider a “behind-the-meter” home charging station installation service offering Customer /Stakeholder Education • Be ready to handle customer questions, carbon equation • Update building codes to include 240V outlet in new home garages • Work with state and local inspection agencies to create a streamlined permitting/inspection process for plug-in EV charging stations Public Charging • How much, how soon? • Form public / private partnerships to install high visibility charge spots Create pilot programs today to “work out kinks” while vehicle volumes are low

More Related