By Simeão V. Cambaco ICT Policy Implementation Technical Unit, Mozambique

1. E-Land Administration and the privacy issues By Simeão V. Cambaco ICT Policy Implementation Technical Unit, Mozambique

2. Presentation outline: • Introduction • Land administration commands • ICT Policy • EG Strategy • Concerns in relation to privacy issues

3. The country, people and biodiversity

4. Land administration commands : • 1975 Constitution- State ownership of land; • 1979- First Land Law; • 1987- Regulations of the 1979 Land Law; • - Structural Adjustment Programme; • 1990- New Constitution approved: • - maintains State ownership of land; • - Introduces multiparty democracy system; • 1995- National Land Policy approved, with the following main points:

5. Some National Land Policy points: • Restore food production levels so as to attain food security; • Being land their principal resource, create conditions for family sector agriculture to have guaranteed access to it so as to develop and grow, both in terms of volume and productivity; • Promote private investment using land and other natural resources in a sustainable and productive way, without prejudice to local interests; • Conserve areas of ecological interest and manage natural resources in a sustainable way, in order to assure the quality of life of future generations; • Review the taxation system so as to be as a function of occupation and use of land and hence contribute to the public revenues.

6. 1997- New Land Law passed by Parliament • To whom can land rights be awarded?: • To any citizen, either a national or foreigner; • to companies, on a 50 year lease basis, through a formal application to Government; • to communities; and • individuals by bona fide occupation, ie, occupation for, at least 10 years.

7. 1998: Land Law Regulations approved • Provide details of how the law has to be implemented, including definitions of various terms, eg: • Expiry of provisional authorization • Extinction of land use and benefit rights • Period for renewal of 50 year lease

8. 1998- Land Law Regulations approved (cont’d) • National Cadastral Database shall contain data to: • Know the economic and legal status of the land; • Know the type of occupancy, use and benefit as well as an evaluation of soil fertility, forestry areas, water, fauna and flora reserves, mineral occurrences and areas for tourism; • Organise efficiently land utilisation, protection and conservation; • Determine the appropriate regions for specialised production.

9. 2000: Technical Annex Provide guidelines on how to carry out various cadastral processes, such as: • Community land delimitation; • Delimitation of bona fide occupation land; • Demarcation of various occupation types for the purpose of title issue

10. 2000: ICT Policy approved • Contribute to reducing absolute poverty and improve the lives of the Mozambican people; • Contribute to fight against illiteracy and accelerate human resources development; • Provide the Mozambican people with a universal access to information and world-wide knowledge; • Raise the effectiveness and efficiency of public and private sector services; • Improve governance and public administration; • Create a legal and business environments favourable to the production and dissemination of ICT’s; and • Make Mozambique an active and competitive partner in the Global Information Society and the world economy”.

11. 2004: Land Application Handling System • First steps in computerization of cadastral records, and connection to a spatial database, using the LAHS (Land Application Handling System) package

12. LAHS LAHS ARCHITECTURE Provincial Configuration Oracle 9i VB Application Installed PC User Server Server - Client PC User PC User

13. ORACLE DATABASE ArcSDE DATA ENTRY Data capture • LAHS 2. ArcGIS (DGPS-OmniSTAR) Oracle 4. ArcSDE

14. LIMS caracteristics and objectives: • LIMS is an implementation of e-Land Registration and Land Information Management through digitizing all cadastral records in Mozambique • Web based • It has a common database, unlike LAHS • It is to support effective and efficient policy and decision-making concerning allocation of land and associated natural resources • It is a means of land resource inventory; • It is delivered via GovNet, a Government internal network

15. Internet Client Browser Client Browser Client Browser Client Browser Intranet LIMS Architecture National Configuration Client Browsers Maputo Web Application Web Server Oracle 9i

16. GovNet: National Telecommunication Platform Network Lichinga Pemba Nacala Cuamba Ilha de Moçambique Songo Nampula Tete Angoche Quelimane N Manica Chimoio Beira Vilanculos SPGC(Provincial Cadastral Office) Maputo Chokwe Inhambane Provincial Capital Town/City Submarine Fibre Optic Xai-Xai Inland Fibre Optic Maputo hertziane Digital

17. 2006: Electronic Government Strategy approved • Main objectives: • To improve the efficiency and effectiveness in the delivery of public services; • To ensure transparency and accountability of Government; • To provide access to information to improve business and make citizens easier.

18. Main concerns for e-Land Administration • LIMS allows everybody, with the necessary permission to view the system to query it; • The system can be queried by name of applicant or rights holder, by location of land parcels, by the file number; • Contributes to greater transparency; • When database full populated, there will be need to go to the relevant office to get information or forms • Other Government departments will use for their own activities

19. Main concerns for e-Land Administration (cont’d) Disadvantages/ concerns: • There is no data protection legislation in the country; • The database holds personal information; • It can display all land parcels belonging to the same person and the amount of fees/taxes/rents due; • It exposes certain Mozambican elites; Opportunity: A draft Law on Electronic Transactions has been made and under public discussion. Contains one article on electronic data protection

20. Thank you Merci beaucoup Kanimambo