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Reptiles, Birds and Mammals

Reptiles, Birds and Mammals. Characteristics of Reptiles. Ectothermic vertebrate with thick, dry, waterproof skin. Most use claws to dig, climb and run. Scales prevent the exchange of O 2 and CO 2 ; use lungs to breathe. Most have a 3-chambered heart. (crocs have a 4-chambered heart)

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Reptiles, Birds and Mammals

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  1. Reptiles, Birds and Mammals

  2. Characteristics of Reptiles • Ectothermic vertebrate with thick, dry, waterproof skin. • Most use claws to dig, climb and run. • Scales prevent the exchange of O2 and CO2; use lungs to breathe. • Most have a 3-chambered heart. (crocs have a 4-chambered heart) • Internal fertilization • Tough, leathery amniotic eggs • Live on every continent except Antarctica.

  3. Types of Modern Reptiles

  4. Turtles • Turtles are the only reptiles that have a two-part shell made of hard, bony plates. The vertebrae and ribs are fused to the inside of the top part of the shell.

  5. Lizards and Snakes • Lizards have movable eyelids, snakes do not.

  6. Crocodilians A B

  7. Characteristics of Birds • Have an almost hollow, but strong endoskeleton. • Endothermic vertebrate • Contour feathers give a bird shape and help it to steer, • Down feathers help birds to maintain their body temperature. • Preens feathers with an oil that is released from the base of its tail. • Have a 4-chambered heart. • Have lungs that connect to balloon-air sacs • Digestive system includes a crop and gizzard.

  8. Characteristics of Mammals • Endothermic vertebrate • Have hair • Have mammary glands that produce milk • Care for their young • Have a 4-chambered heart • Digestive systems vary according to the type of food they eat.

  9. Types of Mammals

  10. Monotremes • Mammals that lay eggs, like the duck-billed platypus.

  11. Marsupials • Give birth to immature young that usually crawl into an external pouch or latches to the female’s nipple until fully developed.

  12. Placentals • Embryos completely develop inside female’s uterus. • An organ called a placenta works with an umbilical chord to provide embryo with food and oxygen.

  13. Aquatic Placentals

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