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States of Matter

States of Matter. 1. Develop a rule for each category . This rule should explain why each item is in that category. Hint : figure out what all items in a category have in common. Testers. 2. Write down each of the following and decide which category they would be in based on your rule.

lillian-beasley
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States of Matter

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  1. States of Matter 1. Develop a rule for each category. This rule should explain why each item is in that category. Hint: figure out what all items in a category have in common.

  2. Testers 2. Write down each of the following and decide which category they would be in based on your rule. • Bottled perfume • Marble • Coffee • Air • Concrete • Hydrogen

  3. STATES OF MATTER • Matter can be classified into groups based on the shape and volume of their moving particles • SOLID • LIQUID • GAS • PLASMA

  4. SOLID - state of matter when materials have definite shape anddefinite volume • Atoms are packed tightly together • Atoms are arranged neatly, orderly • Atoms vibrate around the same location

  5. Examples of Solids are • Ice • Frog • Cheese • Bricks • Wood • Popcscle

  6. Liquid- state of matter when materials have definite volume andindefinite shape • Liquid takes the same shape as its container • Particles FLOW past one another easily • Atoms are close, but not tight • Atoms are randomly arranged

  7. Examples of Liquids are • Orange Juice • Water • Soft drinks • Milk • Rubbing Alcohol • Vinegar

  8. Gas – state of matter when materials have indefinite shape AND indefinite volume • Take shape and volume of container • Atoms spread to fit container • Atoms move rapidly, constantly • Atoms randomly arranged with large spaces between them

  9. Examples of Gases are • Steam • Oxygen • Carbon dioxide • Smog • Tear Gas • Helium

  10. Plasma – state of matter made up of small electrically charged particles • Found where there is high temperature and pressure • Rare to find on Earth • Ex, lightning • Used in fluorescent light bulbs and neon lights

  11. MATTER • Kinetic Energy (KE) - energy of motion • Higher KE = Higher Temperature • All matter is made of millions of tiny particles • these particles are constantly moving, and have KE

  12. Order the states of matter from lowest KE to highest KE • Solid • Liquid • Gas • Plasma KE

  13. Physical Changes- physical properties change but the substance is still the same

  14. Phase Change - reversible physical change from one state to another • heat energy is absorbed or released

  15. Energy determines the state!

  16. When energy is added, particles move faster! When energy is taken away, particles move slower! Add or Subtract Energy. . .

  17. Melting – changing from solid to liquid • When a solid gains heat • Temperature and energy INCREASE

  18. Freezing –changing from liquid to solid • When a liquid loses heat • Baked cookies are actually FROZEN because they are solid. • Freezing does not always mean COLD. • Freezing point and melting point are the same temperature

  19. Evaporation –changing from a liquid to a gas • Only liquid touching air evaporates • Temperature is below boiling point • Water VAPOR or STEAM = gas • More area = faster evaporation

  20. Vaporization (boiling) – Change of liquid to a gas- when vapor pressure is the same as atmospheric pressure and bubbling occurs • Vapor pressure - pressure created by moving gas particles bumping into each other or the container • Atmospheric pressure – pressure outside the container

  21. Condensation –change from gas to liquid • Water vapor particles hit a cool surface, lose heat, and change into water • Sublimation-change from solid to gas • NO LIQUID IN BETWEEN • Dry ice

  22. Red = heating Blue = cooling Blahblah blahblahbhla

  23. Thermal Expansion and Contraction • Tendency of matter to expand or contract as a result of changes in temperature. • Typically: when heat is added, matter expands and when heat is removed matter contracts. • Expand: Get larger • Contract: Get smaller

  24. Starter 11/7 • Determine what characteristics the “Yes” examples share. Write a list.

  25. Part 2 • Write down the following list and decide whether they are “Yes” or “No” • Sugar is used by the body to produce energy • Snow changes to water vapor • Sugar dissolves in water • Salt water evaporates to dryness • Wood burns in a campfire • “Crazy Glue” hardens when exposed to air

  26. After reading “Was it a Chemical Change” • Flip the paper over and answer these questions: • Summarize the article in 3 or more sentences • Create a list of the indicators (how you know) a chemical change occurred • What do you think catalysts are?Write where you got that information (the actual words) • Explain the difference between a chemical and physical change. How can you separate substances that have been chemically changed?

  27. Starter 11/5

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